{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:10:21Z","timestamp":1784128221928,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rib fractures in adult horses are poorly documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the presenting signs, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of horses diagnosed with rib fracture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical records and diagnostic images of all adult horses diagnosed with a rib fracture at three referral centres over a 15\u2010year period were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy\u2010three horses met the inclusion criteria. Horses presented due to either resistance to ridden work and poor performance (n\u00a0=\u00a041), lameness (n\u00a0=\u00a021) or trauma (n\u00a0=\u00a07). In four horses, the presenting complaint was not recorded. Clinical assessment and palpation localised the site of injury in 18\/47 cases where recorded. Nuclear scintigraphic examination identified all fracture sites in which it was performed (59\/59). In 10\/24 horses, radiographic examination confirmed rib fracture. Ultrasonographic examination confirmed rib fracture in 58\/59 horses (98%; 95% CI 92\u2010100). Six horses underwent surgery due to ongoing clinical signs and non\u2010healing fracture; all other horses were managed conservatively. Fifty\u2010five horses were available for long\u2010term follow up (&gt;1\u00a0year), of which 28 (51%; 95% CI 38\u201064) returned to their previous level of exercise. Twelve horses did not return to their previous level of exercise due to lameness unrelated to the rib fracture and seven horses were subjected to euthanasia, of which three were as a result of the rib fracture. Eight horses did not return to their previous level of exercise for other reasons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incomplete data set due to retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although uncommon, rib fractures should be considered in cases of reduced performance or resistance during ridden exercise. Palpation may be unrewarding. Scintigraphy and ultrasonography are useful in identifying the fracture site. Rib fractures in horses carry a fair prognosis and can be managed conservatively in most cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T03:19:31Z","timestamp":1644981571000},"page":"59-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Rib fractures in adult horses as a cause of poor performance; diagnosis, treatment and outcome in 73 horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7986-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzy","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liphook Equine Hospital  Liphook UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1601-8438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  Hatfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5854-5650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter H. L.","family":"Ramzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Equine Hospital and Diagnostic Centre  Newmarket UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Head","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tower Equine Clinic  Bourne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VetPartners Limited  York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liphook Equine Hospital  Liphook UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.2746\/042516407X166657","article-title":"Detection of rib trauma in newborn foals in an equine critical care unit: a comparison of ultrasonography, radiography and physical examination","volume":"39","author":"Jean D","year":"2007","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2746\/042516403775467478","article-title":"Thoracic trauma in foals: post mortem findings","volume":"35","author":"Schambourg M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"28.3","article-title":"56 Cases of rib fractures in neonatal foals hospitalized in a referral center intensive care unit from 1997\u20132001","volume":"25","author":"Sprayberry KA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Am Assoc Equine Practnrs"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164044864561","article-title":"Surgical repair of rib fractures in 14 neonatal foals: case selection, surgical technique and results","volume":"36","author":"Bellezzo F","year":"2004","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12096","article-title":"Myocardial contusion and rib fracture repair in an adult horse","volume":"23","author":"Peters S","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Car"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2014.12.001","article-title":"Thoracic trauma in horses","volume":"31","author":"Sprayberry K","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2006.11.006","article-title":"Thoracic trauma in horses","volume":"23","author":"Hassel DM","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2011.01824.x","article-title":"Clinical relevance of abnormal scintigraphic findings of adult equine ribs","volume":"52","author":"Dahlberg JA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"146","volume-title":"Chapter 13 Assessment of acute onset, severe lameness","author":"Ross MW","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"Equine lameness","author":"Wyn\u2010Jones G","year":"1988"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"e52","article-title":"Sampling methods in clinical research; 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