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As current imaging does not detect all horses at risk for fracture, the discovery of novel serum biomarkers of bone resorption or osteoclast activity could potentially address this unmet clinical need. The biology of equine osteoclasts on their natural substrate, equine bone, has never been studied\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and may permit identification of specific biomarkers of their activity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n (1) Establish osteoclast cultures on equine bone, (2) Measure biomarkers (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b [TRACP\u20105b] and C\u2010terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX\u2010I])\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and (3) Study the effects of inflammation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n \n In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n experiments.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Haematopoietic stem cells, from five equine sternal bone marrow aspirates, were differentiated into osteoclasts and cultured either alone or on equine bone slices, with or without a pro\u2010inflammatory stimulus (IL\u20101\u03b2 or LPS). CTX\u2010I and TRACP\u20105b were immunoassayed in the media. Osteoclast numbers and bone resorption area were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n TRACP\u20105b increased over time in osteoclast cultures without bone (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) and correlated with osteoclast number (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.63,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). CTX\u2010I and TRACP\u20105b increased with time for cultures with bone (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.002;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.02 respectively), correlated with each other (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.64,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.002) and correlated with bone resorption (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.85,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001;\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.82,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001 respectively). Inflammation had no measurable effects.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n Specimen numbers limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Equine osteoclasts were successfully cultured on equine bone slices and their bone resorption quantified. TRACP\u20105b was shown to be a biomarker of equine osteoclast number and bone resorption for the first time; CTX\u2010I was also confirmed to be a biomarker of equine bone resorption\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n . This robust equine specific\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n assay will help the study of osteoclast biology.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T10:48:39Z","timestamp":1653562119000},"page":"534-550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An\n in vitro<\/i>\n model for discovery of osteoclast specific biomarkers towards identification of racehorses at risk for catastrophic fractures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9964-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwladys","family":"Malek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Montreal St\u2010Hyacinthe Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Montreal St\u2010Hyacinthe Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Beauchamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Montreal St\u2010Hyacinthe Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3300-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila","family":"Laverty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Montreal St\u2010Hyacinthe Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"The Jockey Club.The Jockey Club Releases Data from the Equine Injury Database for 2020 \u2010 Supplemental Tables of Equine Injury Database Statistics for Thoroughbreds. 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