{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:44:51Z","timestamp":1772160291638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pheochromocytomas have been previously reported in horses, but successful antemortem diagnosis and surgical removal without recurrence of clinical signs have not been described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, surgical technique, anaesthetic management and post\u2010operative care of a mare diagnosed with pheochromocytoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical case report.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 18\u2010year\u2010old Quarter Horse mare presented for recurrent episodes of colic, profuse sweating, muscle fasciculations and agitation over a 2\u2010month period. Clinical, clinicopathologic and ultrasonographic (transcutaneous, transrectal) abnormalities were consistent with a unilateral left\u2010sided adrenal mass. Surgical removal of the mass was performed via a trans\u2010costal approach with removal of the 18th rib and retraction of the left kidney to improve exposure. Associated vasculature was ligated, and the adrenal mass was removed and submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A trans\u2010costal surgical approach provided excellent visualisation of the adrenal mass and allowed for identification and ligation of associated vessels. Total surgical and anaesthesia time were 86 and 114\u2009min, respectively. Several intraoperative (hypertension, tachycardia) and post\u2010operative (colic with tachycardia, tachypnea, large colon pelvic flexure impaction and nasogastric reflux) complications were encountered and managed successfully. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive labelling for synaptophysin and chromogranin A, confirming diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The mare had recovered well at 6\u2010week recheck post\u2010operatively and returned to training at 6\u2009months post\u2010operatively. No further clinical signs consistent with pheochromocytoma have been observed following removal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The trans\u2010costal approach allowed for surgical removal of a pheochromocytoma in a mare. Surgical removal of adrenal masses in horses may be associated with complications yet was successfully performed without subsequent recurrence of clinical signs associated with tumour presence and return to athletic use in this mare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T22:25:40Z","timestamp":1675895140000},"page":"1012-1020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Successful surgical removal of a pheochromocytoma in a mare via trans\u2010costal approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4157-402X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J.","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins 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