{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T05:38:33Z","timestamp":1787809113114,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009409","name":"Mars Petcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum insulin concentration at 60\u2009min (InsulinT60) during an oral sugar test (OST) indicates future laminitis risk and insulin dysregulation (ID). Associations between InsulinT60 and physical and owner\u2010reported variables may help clinicians select individuals for ID testing. Associations between InsulinT60 and other metabolic markers may help elucidate ID pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe associations between (A) season, physically\u2010apparent and owner\u2010reported factors and binary InsulinT60 interpretation (initial models) and (B) variables included in the initial models, other metabolic markers and continuous InsulinT60 (full models).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective longitudinal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non\u2010laminitic ponies were examined and OSTs (0.3\u2009mL\/kg Karo syrup) performed every 6\u2009months (autumn and spring) for \u22644\u2009years. Factors associated with InsulinT60 were determined using mixed\u2010effects models with physical, owner\u2010reported, season and serum\/plasma markers as fixed effects and pony and premises identifiers as random effects. Autumn and spring data were analysed separately for full models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One thousand seven hundred and sixty\u2010three OSTs from 367 ponies were included. High\u2010risk InsulinT60 (&gt;153\u2009\u03bcIU\/mL) was independently associated with (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval [CI]): age (1.36, 1.16\u20131.60), body condition score (BCS) (2.38, 1.21\u20134.69), and bulging supraorbital fatpads (7.25, 2.1\u201324.98). However, the initial models provided little explanatory power (Nakagawa\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.1\u20130.27). LoginsulinT60 was independently associated with (effect estimate, 95% CI): age (0.02, 0.01\u20130.04), Welsh\/Welsh X breed (0.22, 0.05, 0.39), sex (gelding\u2009=\u2009\u22120.2, \u22120.34 to 0.06), BCS (0.16, 0.08\u20130.23), plasma adiponectin (\u22120.02, \u22120.02 to 0.01) and basal insulin (0.01, 0.01\u20130.01) in spring, and: age (0.03, 0.02\u20130.04), BCS (0.17, 0.08\u20130.26), bulging supraorbital fatpads (0.37, 0.2\u20130.54), turnout score (0.05, 0.02\u20130.09), plasma adiponectin (\u22120.01, \u22120.02 to 0.01), ACTH (per 10\u2009pg\/mL) (0.01, 0.00\u20130.01), triglycerides (0.28, 0.07\u20130.49) and InsulinT0 (0.01, 0.01\u20130.01) in autumn.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Only non\u2010laminitic ponies in one region were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Owner\u2010reported and physically\u2010apparent data were limited InsulinT60 predictors. InsulinT60 is a complex trait, independently associated with numerous variables, some with seasonal interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T08:23:07Z","timestamp":1692692587000},"page":"253-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Factors associated with insulin responses to oral sugars in a mixed\u2010breed cohort of ponies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9440-6105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward J.","family":"Knowles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College  Hatfield UK"},{"name":"Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic  Kent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waltham Petcare Science Institute  Leicestershire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4517-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Mei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3803-8069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola J.","family":"Menzies\u2010Gow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College  Hatfield 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