{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T11:46:28Z","timestamp":1762083988510,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While previous reports come mostly from the southern Americas, several outbreaks of hypersalivation in horses were observed in Middle Europe from 2016 to 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe feed\u2010induced hypersalivation in European horses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analysis of feedstuffs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Veterinarians and horse or stable owners were encouraged to submit feedstuffs from case outbreaks of hypersalivation in which, infectious diseases or other systemic causes of the syndrome were ruled out and intoxication was suspected. Feedstuff analysis was performed, including gross examination, microscopic analysis of fine particles, and for hay and forage mycological culturing and mycotoxin testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eleven case outbreaks were investigated. Typical clinical findings in the horses were either foamy saliva around the mouth or serous salivation with puddles forming on the ground. Some horses also showed lesions of the gingival mucosa and\/or the tongue. Foamy hypersalivation, sometimes combined with lesions of tongue and\/or gingiva, was associated with finding of ergot sclerotia and ergot alkaloids in hay or pasture plants (ergocornin and ergocorninin having the highest concentrations). Serous hypersalivation with massive loss of fluid was associated with the fungus\n                      <jats:italic>Rhizoctonia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. As indicated by the detection of traces of swainsonine, mycotoxin production on the forage was seen as likely cause. The cessation of clinical signs took days to weeks after diet change, probably depending on the duration, type and amount of toxin intake.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Small number of case outbreaks, records of clinical findings and horses' management were incomplete and were reported by horse owners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypersalivation due to mycotoxins in the feed has become an emerging problem for horses in middle Europe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T01:44:19Z","timestamp":1731721459000},"page":"1035-1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feed\u2010induced hypersalivation in horses from\n                    <scp>Austria<\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>Germany<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>Switzerland<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5363-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda Franziska","family":"B\u00f6swald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Tierern\u00e4hrung und Di\u00e4tetik Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Lebensmittelsicherheit Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Kaltner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Lebensmittelsicherheit Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Merk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Tierern\u00e4hrung und Di\u00e4tetik Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Schwaiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Lebensmittelsicherheit Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Kienzle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Tierern\u00e4hrung und Di\u00e4tetik Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Veterinary toxicology \u2013 basic and clinical principles","year":"2012","author":"Gupta R","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Slaframine toxicosis or \u201cSlobbers\u201d in cattle and horses","author":"Arnold M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agric Nat Resour Publ"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Blackpatch of forage legumes","volume":"57","author":"Berkenkamp B","year":"1977","journal-title":"Can Plant Dis Surv"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2011.00275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.7351499x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","first-page":"375","article-title":"Slaframine intoxication in horse in Santa Catarina state","volume":"22","author":"Fonteque JH","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet e Zootec"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","first-page":"257","article-title":"Slaframine: occurrence, chemistry, and physiological activity","volume":"1","author":"Hagler WM","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxic Plant Origin"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2016.00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.19.595"},{"volume-title":"The Orange County Stud Book: giving a history of all noted stallions bred and raised in Orange County; together with symptoms and treatment of the diseases of the horse","year":"1875","author":"Reeves J","key":"e_1_2_13_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0949-9_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","first-page":"1029","volume-title":"Veterinary toxicology","author":"Smith GW","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.73123673x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.1995.tb01257.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.05.070185.002135"},{"volume-title":"Toxicants of plant origin: alkaloids","year":"1989","author":"Cheeke PR","key":"e_1_2_13_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12550-016-0253-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","unstructured":"StricklandJR KirchBH KlotzJL SmithLL AikenGE FlytheMD.Ergot alkaloid effects on animal physiology. Society for Range Management Meeting Abstracts2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00003-006-0058-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5740\/jaoacint.15-007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13203"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Differential diagnosis and management of cranial nerve abnormalities","author":"Rush B","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"The salivary glands","volume":"101","author":"Walsh K","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pathol Domest Anim"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30089-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","unstructured":"PusterlaN. Equine oral medicine. In: Easley J Dixon P du Toit N editors. Equine dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Newcastle upon Tyne UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing;2022;207."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-67-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408397909527267"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Ergot (Claviceps purpurea)\u2014an aposematic fungus","volume":"43","author":"Lev\u2010Yadun S","year":"2007","journal-title":"Symbiosis"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00982100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02515727"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0010(199805)77:1<1::AID-JSFA9>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2010.00624.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777308X264255"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2003.8192285x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol53no1p61-64"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj1986.00021962007800010023x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins7030773"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2002.5670"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201100764"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-2874-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879901100510"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12100664"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4111-0_15"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins204809"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638713504572"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1537-2197.1972.tb10186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-7562(09)80245-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Secondary photosensitization in horses eating Cymadothea trifolii\u2010infested clover","volume":"37","author":"Ames T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am Assoc Vet Lab Diagn"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Neue Sorten von Westerwoldischem Raigras und Perserklee empfohlen","volume":"7","author":"Suter D","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agrarforschung Schweiz"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/Phyto-74-692"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/Phyto-73-1661"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07060668109501349"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/200575a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12550-014-0203-5"},{"volume-title":"Supplemente zur Tierern\u00e4hrung f\u00fcr Studium und Praxis","year":"2014","author":"Kamphues J","key":"e_1_2_13_56_1"}],"container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/evj.14433","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T11:42:03Z","timestamp":1762083723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/evj.14433"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/evj.14433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.14433","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0425-1644"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2042-3306"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}