{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T09:20:39Z","timestamp":1787908839388,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007195","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007195","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjective evaluation of gait by official endurance veterinarians (OEVs) is used to determine \u2018fitness\u2010to\u2010compete\u2019 in horses participating in endurance competitions. Objective gait analysis systems could aid in quick and verifiable judgements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the agreement between objective analysis of head and pelvis vertical movement asymmetry performed with a markerless artificial intelligence motion tracking system (AI\u2010MTS) and subjective lameness assessment performed by an accredited FEI OEV to judge horse gaits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During three endurance competitions, 110 horses were enrolled. The OEV performed 188 gait examinations, which were simultaneously recorded with a smartphone. The vertical motion asymmetry of the head and pelvis was later analysed from the videos through the AI\u2010MTS application. The gaits were scored as \u2018no asymmetry\u2019, \u2018mild asymmetry\u2019 or \u2018severe asymmetry\u2019. The agreement was evaluated using Fleiss' multi\u2010rater kappa statistic (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall agreement between the two methods was fair (\n                      <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.26,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Within the three gait asymmetry categories, substantial agreement was obtained for the \u2018severe\u2019 (\n                      <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.75,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) category, fair agreement was detected for the \u2018no asymmetry\u2019 category (\n                      <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.25,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and no agreement was identified for the \u2018mild\u2019 category (\n                      <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.13,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.08).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparison between AI\u2010MTS and a single OEV; absence of a tripod during video recording; and video recording from a different point of view than the OEVs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mild asymmetry was the most challenging gait category to identify. Substantial agreement between the subjective lameness evaluation by OEV and AI\n                      <jats:italic>\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                      MTS assessment was observed for the \u2018severe\u2019 category. AI\u2010MTS may be a helpful tool to assist OEVs in decision\u2010making during endurance competitions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T10:29:02Z","timestamp":1745231342000},"page":"60-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Agreement between subjective gait assessment and markerless video gait\u2010analysis in endurance horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0213-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariaelena","family":"de Chiara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8419-5751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Montano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Matteis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Guidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freelance Veterinary Practitioner  Avellino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8487-1051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Buono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1624-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Auletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS) University of Milan  Lodi Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2603-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Del Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9045-7770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Pasolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","unstructured":"F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Equestre Internationale (FEI).Endurance rules.2024.https:\/\/inside.fei.org\/sites\/default\/files\/FEI%20Endurance%20Rules%20-%201%20January%202024%20-%20Clean_0.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.4.493"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13875"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12170"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12069"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X479568"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.11.1370"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.105058"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23208414"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","volume-title":"Gait screening using a mobile phone application. 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