{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:33:52Z","timestamp":1788482032313,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stress fracture is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in racing Thoroughbreds. Nuclear scintigraphy is the imaging modality of choice for investigating unlocalised stress\u2010related bone remodelling in horses. Stress fractures of the caudal lumbar vertebral column have been previously described in both racing Quarter horses and racing Thoroughbreds post\u2010mortem. There is a lack of literature describing the imaging appearance of vertebral stress fractures in racehorses ante\u2010mortem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe: (1) ante\u2010mortem scintigraphic appearance of presumed thoracolumbar vertebral stress fracture; (2) predilection sites of presumed thoracolumbar stress fracture and compare this to prior post\u2010mortem descriptions; (3) if patient signalment had an association with presumed stress fracture; (4) the prognosis of return to racing post\u2010diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective single\u2010institutional case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing nuclear scintigraphy during a 10\u2010year period (2009\u20132019). Images reviewed by two assessors for abnormal increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the thoracolumbar vertebral column consistent with presumed stress fracture; inclusion by consensus. Chi\u2010square test performed to investigate outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010five racing Thoroughbreds included and 41 presumed stress fractures identified. The caudal lumbar vertebral column was the most common site of presumed thoracolumbar vertebral stress fracture, consistent with previously reported post\u2010mortem findings. The thoracolumbar junction was identified as the second most common site of presumed stress fracture. A positive outcome, defined as return to racing, was present in 65.9% of horses; 95% CI (51.4%, 80.4%). Patient sex was the only factor associated with outcome, with female patients having a lower likelihood of returning to racing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective observational nature with only a small sample size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The caudal lumbar vertebral column was the most common site of presumed thoracolumbar vertebral stress fracture, followed by the thoracolumbar junction. Lamina\/articular process was the most common sublocation. Most horses had a positive outcome. Female sex was the only factor significantly associated with a worse outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T08:00:20Z","timestamp":1764662420000},"page":"1169-1177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Localisation and outcome of presumed thoracolumbar vertebral stress fracture in 35\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    Thoroughbred racehorses using nuclear scintigraphy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8966-8028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Chapple","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6434-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodie","family":"Daglish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEH Cotswolds  Gloucestershire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2111-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Stover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Slipchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Scholar  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9810-9607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn L.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2006.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12285"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctep.2004.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.7.935"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119108757.ch40"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164044868684"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12334"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/inpract.23.9.528"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14172499"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2013.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X376940"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13551"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X345099"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c70"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1980.tb03427.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30169-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30075-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30076-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","unstructured":"Racing Post.(racingpost.com).2024.https:\/\/www.racingpost.com"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1986.tb03559.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Fractures of the thoracolumbar spine of the horse","volume":"23","author":"Jeffcott LB","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387211018289"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01981.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","unstructured":"VaughanLC MasonJE.A clinico\u2010pathological study of racing accidents in horses. 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