{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:26:22Z","timestamp":1763036782915},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]],"date-time":"2013-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Matrix metalloproteinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>s) play a critical role in various pathological conditions including cutaneous inflammation. Thus far, serial assessment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> activity in ongoing inflammation is hampered due to technical limitations. Here, we present an innovative method for longitudinal detection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> activity by <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> imaging. First, we analysed skin sections from patients suffering from leucocytoclastic vasculitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>c<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>) and detected a significant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> signal via immunofluorescence staining. Then, we mimicked <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>c<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content> in mice in a well\u2010studied model of immune complex\u2010mediated vasculitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICV<\/jats:styled-content>). This acute inflammatory process was serially visualized <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> using the fluorescence\u2010labelled <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> tracer <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>y5.5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>443. The deposition of fluorescence\u2010labelled immune complexes and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> tracer distribution was visualized repeatedly and non\u2010invasively by fluorescence reflectance imaging. In correlation with the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 in immunofluorescence stainings, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>y5.5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>443 accumulated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICV<\/jats:styled-content> spots in the skin of C57<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BL<\/jats:styled-content>\/6 mice. This tracer accumulation could also be observed in mice equipped with a dorsal skinfold chamber, where microscopic observations revealed an increased recruitment of fluorescence\u2010labelled leucocytes during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICV<\/jats:styled-content>. The specificity of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> tracer was supported by (i) analysis of mice deficient in functional \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010integrins (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>18<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and (ii) subsequent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> immunofluorescence staining. These findings let us conclude that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> accumulation in the acute phase of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICV<\/jats:styled-content> depends on \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010mediated leucocyte recruitment. In summary, we show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>s are involved in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICV<\/jats:styled-content> as determined by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>y5.5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>443, a new optical marker to longitudinally and non\u2010invasively follow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> activity in acute skin inflammation <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T01:32:24Z","timestamp":1381541544000},"page":"730-735","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Molecular imaging reveals time course of matrix metalloproteinase activity in acute cutaneous vasculitis <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Annika Kathrin","family":"Steingr\u00e4ber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Muenster Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Schelhaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Faust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas Hans","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Johanniter Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sch\u00e4fers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) University of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"DFG Cluster of Excellence 1003 \u2018Cells in Motion\u2019 Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Goerge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Muenster Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) University of Muenster Muenster 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