{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T01:06:19Z","timestamp":1768352779244,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]],"date-time":"2015-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I82\/132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I82\/132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL<\/jats:styled-content>) patients coinfected with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> are known to show a more severe, prolonged course of disease; the immunological basis is not known. We now assessed clinical features, sera and skin biopsies of HIV<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup> and HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212<\/jats:sup> patients with CL<\/jats:styled-content> to identify drivers of increased susceptibility to Leishmania<\/jats:italic>. CL<\/jats:styled-content> lesion numbers, surface, and healing duration were significantly increased in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup> as compared to HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212<\/jats:sup> patients (2.5, 14 and >4\u2010fold, respectively). Patients with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection exhibited lower serum Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific IgG levels and decreased IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108. Most importantly, dramatically decreased numbers of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> T cells (approximately eightfold), but not CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+<\/jats:sup> cells, together with fewer CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>3+<\/jats:sup> Th1 cells, fewer Foxp3+<\/jats:sup> effector\/regulatory T cells, and reduced levels of IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> expression were found in lesional skin. Our findings suggest that compromised CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell responses may be responsible for worsened disease outcome leading to defects in parasite elimination in the absence of sufficient numbers of IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010producing Th1 cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,4]],"date-time":"2015-02-04T13:24:17Z","timestamp":1423056257000},"page":"302-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impaired T\u2010cell\u2010dependent protection against L<\/scp>eishmania major<\/i> infection in HIV<\/scp>\u2010positive patients is associated with worsened disease outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Omer B\u00e9b\u00e9","family":"Ngouateu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University of Yaound\u00e9 I Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis Research Project Mokolo District Hospital Mokolo Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Medicine Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Weller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Br\u00f6hl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Medicine Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Kamtchouing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University of Yaound\u00e9 I Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Same\u2010Ekobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Yaound\u00e9 Teaching Hospital Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blaise","family":"Dondji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis Research Project Mokolo District Hospital Mokolo Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Central Washington University Ellensburg WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"von Stebut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Medicine Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2011.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00061-07","volume":"1","author":"Alvar J","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin 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