{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:20:42Z","timestamp":1791217242371,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no doubt that ultraviolet radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content>) contributes to the generation of acquired lentigines in human skin, as indicated by the term solar lentigo. A growing number of recent epidemiological and mechanistic studies, however, strongly suggest that in addition to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content>, other environmental factors contribute to lentigines\u2019 formation as well. We therefore here introduce the term \u2018environment\u2010induced lentigo\u2019 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EIL<\/jats:styled-content>) to refer to acquired pigment spots of human skin. In this view point, we (i) summarize the existing evidence to support a role of environmental toxicants other than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content> in the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EIL<\/jats:styled-content>s, (ii) we argue that activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content>) signalling by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content> and environmental toxicants is critically involved in triggering and sustaining a crosstalk between melanocytes, keratinocytes and fibroblasts, which then causes the development and persistence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EIL<\/jats:styled-content>s in human skin, and (iii) we discuss clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EIL<\/jats:styled-content>s resulting from this concept.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T00:51:14Z","timestamp":1426553474000},"page":"407-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Environment\u2010induced lentigines: formation of solar lentigines beyond ultraviolet radiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Motoki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF \u2013 Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Department of Environmental and Geriatric Dermatology Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akimichi","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Geriatric Dermatology Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Seit\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L'Or\u00e9al R&amp;D Asnier\u00e8s France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Haarmann\u2010Stemmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF \u2013 Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Grether\u2010Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF \u2013 Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Krutmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF \u2013 Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"35","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"22","volume":"122","author":"Ortonne J P","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000096909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01296.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09946.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2010.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00957.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12234"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2005.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2011.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2014.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.204"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume":"135","author":"H\u00fcls A","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1997.tb00688.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00272.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22516.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/348732a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55277-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)90887-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.107.4.1611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3130625"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0394-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701764104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2008.12.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-5521(95)90090-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2011.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2010.00762.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp285"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12170"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2013.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22502.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","volume":"135","author":"Waldera\u2010Lupa D M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms11062566"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-011-9590-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04834.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/379173"}],"container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fexd.12690","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.12690","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T16:41:17Z","timestamp":1695573677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/exd.12690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/exd.12690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.12690","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6705","1600-0625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]}}}