{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:25:14Z","timestamp":1789629914543,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003503","name":"Nederlandse Brandwonden Stichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["08.103 and 09.104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["08.103 and 09.104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypertrophic scar formation is a result of adverse cutaneous wound healing. The pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar formation is still poorly understood. A problem next to the lack of suitable animal models is that often normal skin is compared to hypertrophic scar (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>scar) and not to normotrophic scar (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>scar) tissue. Another drawback is that often only one time period after wounding is studied, while scar formation is a dynamic process over a period of several months. In this study, we compared the expression of genes involved in inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECM<\/jats:styled-content>) formation and also macrophage infiltration in biopsies obtained before and up to 52\u00a0weeks after standard surgery in five patients who developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>scar and six patients who developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>scar. It was found that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>scar formation coincided with a prolonged decreased expression of inflammatory genes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RN<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> CCL<\/jats:styled-content>2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>3, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CXCL<\/jats:styled-content>2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>2, C3 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010) and an extended increased expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related genes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLAU<\/jats:styled-content>, Col3A1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>3). This coincided with a delayed but prolonged infiltration of macrophages (type 2) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>scar tissue compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>scar tissue. These findings were supported by immunohistochemical localization of proteins coding for select genes named above. Our study emphasizes that human cutaneous wound healing is a dynamic process that is needed to be studied over a period of time rather than a single point of time. Taken together, our results suggest innate immune stimulatory therapies may be a better option for improving scar quality than the currently used anti\u2010inflammatory scar therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,2]],"date-time":"2015-05-02T08:33:07Z","timestamp":1430555587000},"page":"623-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Suppressed inflammatory gene expression during human hypertrophic scar compared to normotrophic scar formation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Lenie J.","family":"van den Broek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Research Institute MOVE Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"A\u2010SKIN Nederland BV Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem M.","family":"van der 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