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To investigate whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> can also stimulate other hypothalamic nuclei, we tested its effect on the proopiomelanocortin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POMC<\/jats:styled-content>) related signalling system in the arcuate nucleus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content>) of female C57<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BL<\/jats:styled-content>\/6 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FVB<\/jats:styled-content> albino mice. The shaved back skin of the mice was irradiated with either 100 or 400 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mJ<\/jats:styled-content>\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content>. After 1, 3, 6 and 12 h, blood and hypothalamus were collected and processed for gene and protein expression, and measurement of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010endorphin (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">END<\/jats:styled-content>) levels. An <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> immunohistochemical examination was performed for melanocortin receptor 4 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>4R) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POMC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010derived <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSH<\/jats:styled-content>. The expression of <jats:italic>Pomc<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>4R <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>s was stimulated, whereas that of <jats:italic>Ag<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> was inhibited after exposure to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content>. It was accompanied by an increased number of both <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>4R\u2010immunoreactive neurons in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content>, and by increased levels of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">END<\/jats:styled-content> (both found in the hypothalamus and plasma). This surprising discovery of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> stimulating the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POMC<\/jats:styled-content> system in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARC<\/jats:styled-content>, accompanied by the increased plasma levels of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">END<\/jats:styled-content>, paves the way for exciting areas of research on the communication between the skin and the brain, as well as is suggesting a new role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> in regulation of body metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]],"date-time":"2015-10-29T14:58:44Z","timestamp":1446130724000},"page":"120-123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Ultraviolet B stimulates proopiomelanocortin signalling in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Cezary","family":"Skobowiat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrzej T.","family":"Slominski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Dermatology and Pathology Laboratory Service of the VA Medical Center University of Alabama Birmingham Birmingham AL 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