{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T16:09:53Z","timestamp":1772899793257,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]],"date-time":"2016-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81402584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81402584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20140360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20140360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>After patients suffer severe full\u2010thickness burn injuries, the current treatments cannot lead to the complete self\u2010regeneration of the sweat gland structure and function. Therefore, it is important to identify new methods for acquiring sufficient functional sweat gland cells to restore skin function. In this study, we induced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>117+ human amniotic fluid stem (h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>) cells to differentiate into sweat glandlike (h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>) cells based on the use of conditioned medium (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>) from the human sweat gland (h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>) cells. Real\u2010time<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>and immunofluorescent staining were used to confirm the expression of the sweat gland\u2010related genes Ectodysplasin\u2010A (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EDA<\/jats:styled-content>), Ectodysplasin\u2010A receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EDAR<\/jats:styled-content>), keratin 8 (K8) and carcino\u2010embryonic antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEA<\/jats:styled-content>). Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that microvilli, the cellular structures that are typical for h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>cells, can also be observed on the membrane of the h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>cells. Our test for the calcium response to acetylcholine (Ach) proved that h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>cells have the potential to respond to Ach in a manner similar to normal sweat glands. A three\u2010dimensional culture is an effective approach that stimulates the h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>cells to form tubular structures and drives h<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>cells to mature into higher stage. We also found that epidermal growth factor enhances the efficiency of differentiation and that Sonic hedgehog is an important factor of the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>that influences sweat gland differentiation. Our study provides the basis for further investigations into novel methods of inducing stem cells to differentiate into sweat glandlike cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,27]],"date-time":"2016-04-27T23:42:19Z","timestamp":1461800539000},"page":"714-720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The differentiation of amniotic fluid stem cells into sweat glandlike cells is enhanced by the presence of Sonic hedgehog in the conditioned medium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Hansi","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"},{"name":"The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu Province 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