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To date, little is known about inflammatory cells and their potential role in scleroderma (S<\/jats:styled-content>cl)\u2010related fibrosis. Therefore, we compared both S<\/jats:styled-content>cl models to define the early immune cell subsets in relation to fibrosis\u2010related parameters. Both agents induced a significant increase in dermal thickness and collagen deposition after 4\u00a0weeks, as hallmarks of S<\/jats:styled-content>cl. However, clinical skin thickness, densely packed, sirius red\u2010stained collagen bundles and collagen cross\u2010links were more pronounced in HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l\u2010induced S<\/jats:styled-content>cl. In parallel, there was a significant upregulation of procollagen \u03b11(I), \u03b1\u2010SMA<\/jats:styled-content> and TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2 transcripts in HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l animals, whereas IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 and MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels were significantly increased in bleomycin\u2010treated mice. Flow cytometric analysis of the S<\/jats:styled-content>cl skin demonstrated an early cellular infiltrate containing mainly CD<\/jats:styled-content>19+<\/jats:sup> B<\/jats:styled-content> cells, CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cells, CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup> DC<\/jats:styled-content> and CD<\/jats:styled-content>11b+<\/jats:sup> myeloid cells, the latter ones being significantly more prominent after HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l injection. Subanalysis revealed that S<\/jats:styled-content>cl mice exhibited a significant increase of inflammatory myeloid CD<\/jats:styled-content>11b+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0L<\/jats:styled-content>y6C<\/jats:styled-content>low\u2013high<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>64low\u2013high<\/jats:sup> cells (HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l>bleomycin). In particular, in the HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l model, activated dermal macrophages (CCR<\/jats:styled-content>2low<\/jats:sup>\u00a0MHCII<\/jats:styled-content>high<\/jats:sup>) and monocyte\u2010derived DC<\/jats:styled-content> (CCR<\/jats:styled-content>2high<\/jats:sup> MHCII<\/jats:styled-content>high<\/jats:sup>) predominated over less activated CD<\/jats:styled-content>11b+<\/jats:sup> myeloid cells. In conclusion, the two models differ in certain aspects of the murine and human scleroderma but in the HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l model, myeloid CD<\/jats:styled-content>11b+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0MHCII<\/jats:styled-content>high<\/jats:sup> cells correlate with some fibrosis\u2010related parameters. Therefore, analysis of both models is suggested to cover a comprehensive profile of S<\/jats:styled-content>cl symptoms but with focus on the HOC<\/jats:styled-content>l model when the role of early myeloid immune cells will be evaluated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T08:32:26Z","timestamp":1466065946000},"page":"887-894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Myeloid cell populations and fibrogenic parameters in bleomycin\u2010 and HOC<\/scp>l\u2010induced fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Verena K.","family":"Raker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"},{"name":"Research Center for Immune Therapy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz 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