{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:06:23Z","timestamp":1790809583278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]],"date-time":"2018-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004331","name":"Johnson and Johnson","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000770","name":"University of Manchester","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Acne skin demonstrates increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL<\/jats:styled-content>) compared with healthy skin, which may be due, in part, to altered ceramide (CER) levels. We analysed ceramides in the stratum corneum of healthy and acne skin, and studied seasonal variation over the course of a year. Using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC<\/jats:styled-content>\/ESI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010MS<\/jats:styled-content>\/MS<\/jats:styled-content>), we identified 283 ceramides. Acne\u2010affected skin demonstrated overall lower levels of ceramides, with notable reductions in CER<\/jats:styled-content>[NH<\/jats:styled-content>] and CER<\/jats:styled-content>[AH<\/jats:styled-content>] ceramides, as well as the acylceramides CER<\/jats:styled-content>[EOS<\/jats:styled-content>] and CER<\/jats:styled-content>[EOH<\/jats:styled-content>]; these differences were more apparent in the winter months. Lower ceramide levels reflected an increase in TEWL<\/jats:styled-content> in acne, compared with healthy skin, which partly resolves in the summer. Individual ceramide species with 18\u2010carbon 6\u2010hydroxysphingosine (H) bases (including CER<\/jats:styled-content>[N(24)H(18)], CER<\/jats:styled-content>[N(26)H(18)], CER<\/jats:styled-content>[A(24)H(18)], CER<\/jats:styled-content>[A(26)H(18)]) were significantly reduced in acne skin, suggesting that CER<\/jats:styled-content>[NH<\/jats:styled-content>] and CER<\/jats:styled-content>[AH<\/jats:styled-content>] species may be particularly important in a healthy skin barrier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T14:58:16Z","timestamp":1516633096000},"page":"833-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Seasonal changes in epidermal ceramides are linked to impaired barrier function in acne patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7833-5204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apostolos","family":"Pappas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"J&J Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Skillman NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4419-0013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra C.","family":"Kendall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology Division of Pharmacy and Optometry Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health School of Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke C.","family":"Brownbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology Division of Pharmacy and Optometry Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health School of Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikoleta","family":"Batchvarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J&J Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Skillman NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1314-413X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Nicolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology Division of Pharmacy and Optometry Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health School of Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"593","volume":"14","author":"Meyer K.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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