{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:52:19Z","timestamp":1740124339838,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,19]],"date-time":"2018-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dr. Siegried Stettendorf-Stiftung"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Recently, it has been reported that ingenol mebutate (IM<\/jats:styled-content>) is an effective treatment option for anogenital warts (AGW<\/jats:styled-content>), inducing fast wart necrosis within 24\u00a0hours in vivo. With regard to its mode of action, IM<\/jats:styled-content> is thought to act both as an inducer of direct cytotoxic effects and immunologic mechanisms. To distinguish whether the wart necrosis is mainly caused by cytotoxic effects, or whether immune mechanisms are leading, we used time\u2010lapse imaging to analyse IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated warts ex vivo over 24\u00a0hours. Ex vivo IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated warts, which have been detached from the immune system, did not show destructive necrosis, pointing towards a primarily immune\u2010driven mode of action of IM<\/jats:styled-content> in the treatment of AGW<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T19:49:38Z","timestamp":1519242578000},"page":"675-677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Time\u2010lapse imaging points towards a non\u2010toxic, mainly immune\u2010driven mode of action of ingenol mebutate in the treatment of anogenital warts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5600-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan Alexander","family":"Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erich","family":"B\u00fcnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Homey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter Arne","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.12.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1181","volume":"11","author":"Stahlhut M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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