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It was reported that cytotoxicity to melanocyte is possibly mediated by oxidative stress in a tyrosinase activity\u2010dependent manner. We examined the effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content>) on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced melanocyte cytotoxicity as an additional aggravating factor. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content> enhanced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced cytotoxicity in normal human epidermal melanocytes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHEM<\/jats:styled-content>s) via the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content>) stress. Increased generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content>) was detected. Pretreatment with N\u2010acetyl cysteine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAC<\/jats:styled-content>), antioxidant and precursor of glutathione significantly attenuated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content> stress\u2010induced cytotoxicity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHEM<\/jats:styled-content>s treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content>. Increase in cysteinyl\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010catechol and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010pheomelanin in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHEM<\/jats:styled-content>s treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content> suggested that, after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVR<\/jats:styled-content> excitation, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content> metabolites are potent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010generating substances and that the tendency to produce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010pheomelanin during melanogenesis amplifies <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> generation in melanocytes. Our results help to elucidate the development mechanisms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced leukoderma and provide information for innovation of safe skin\u2010whitening compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,9]],"date-time":"2018-04-09T20:25:28Z","timestamp":1523305528000},"page":"754-762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["4\u2010(4\u2010Hydroxyphenyl)\u20102\u2010butanol (rhododendrol)\u2010induced melanocyte cytotoxicity is enhanced by <scp>UVB<\/scp> exposure through generation of oxidative stress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2855-895X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriko","family":"Goto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Tsujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Masaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shosuke","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences  Toyake, Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Wakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences  Toyake, Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Nishigori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Kobe University  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12744"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.050769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2014.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12269"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12461"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1506"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics3030027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"18","volume":"3","author":"Chang N. 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