{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:55:25Z","timestamp":1790355325036,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Atopic dermatitis (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) is a highly prevalent, chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects children and adults. The pathophysiology of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is complex and involves skin barrier and immune dysfunction. Many immune cytokine pathways are amplified in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , including T helper (Th) 2, Th22, Th17 and Th1. Current treatment guidelines recommend topical medications as initial therapy; however, until recently, only two drug classes were available: topical corticosteroids (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s) and topical calcineurin inhibitors (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s). Several limitations are associated with these agents.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s can cause a wide range of adverse effects, including skin atrophy, telangiectasia, rosacea and acne.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s can cause burning and stinging, and the prescribing information lists a boxed warning for a theoretical risk of malignancy. Novel medications with new mechanisms of action are necessary to provide better long\u2010term control of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Phosphodiesterase 4 (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    4) regulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate in cells and has been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , making it an attractive therapeutic target. Several\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    4 inhibitors are in clinical development for use in the treatment of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , including crisaborole, which recently became the first topical\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    4 inhibitor approved for treatment of mild to moderate\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . This review will further describe the pathophysiology of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , explain the possible role of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    4 in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and review\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    4 inhibitors currently approved or being investigated for use in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T17:39:49Z","timestamp":1539797989000},"page":"3-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["The role of phosphodiesterase 4 in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis and the perspective for its inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Guttman\u2010Yassky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon M.","family":"Hanifin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Oregon Health and Science University  Portland Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Boguniewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health  Denver Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wollenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Ludwig Maximilian University  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Bissonnette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovaderm Research Inc  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Purohit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc  Groton Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain","family":"Kilty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc  Cambridge Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Tallman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc  New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc  Collegeville Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.12.672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13599"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.05.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-013-0013-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341809"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200809040-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.4306"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.4305"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2012.24.3.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.05006.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.05.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Admistration.FDA approves new eczema drug Dupixent [press release]. Silver Spring MD: US Food and Drug Administration: March 28 2017.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/newsevents\/newsroom\/pressannouncements\/ucm549078.htm(accessed: April 20 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"Dupixent (dupilumab)[summary of opinion. initial authrization].London UK: European Medicines Agency Committe for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP). July 20 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-016-0170-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12297888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-013-0023-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"390","volume":"15","author":"Jarnagin K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12472344"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12316116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00149-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12343596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.19515.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.04.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-015-0133-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606490"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08769.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.00191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2010.01243.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2011.01357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2017.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.1345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1314768"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2011.01412.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.09.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2017.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S130013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02483.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","first-page":"364","volume":"2007","author":"Dastidar S. G.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170530093902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1995.tb03123.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187152807780077318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.119555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(82)90008-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12462340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.105080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2012.812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2012.07.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/906349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","first-page":"AB47","volume":"76","author":"Krueger J. G.","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02974.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2013.35619"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1368-5031.2005.00587.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00798.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1996.22164025.x"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","first-page":"1236","volume":"2009","author":"Nazarian R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","unstructured":"EUCRISA\u2010Crisaborole ointment[package insert].New York NY Pfizer Labs.2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration.FDA Approves Eucrisa for eczema[press release]. Silver Spring MD US Food and Drug Administration: December 16 2016.http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/ucm533371.htm(accessed: April 20 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447","volume":"60","author":"Hanifin J. M.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2016.1174765"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0625.2000.009003165.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2016.1157257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13231"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000247298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2015.1093587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.113.205542"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm500378a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","unstructured":"LEO 29102 Cream in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis Clinicaltrials. gov web site https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01037881(accessed: August 9 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","unstructured":"A Safety and Efficacy of DRM02 in Subjects With Atopic Dermatitis Clinicaltrials. gov web site https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01993420(accessed: August 9 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","unstructured":"Dermira Inc.Dermira Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2015 Financial Results and Provides Corporate Update[press release]. Menlo Park CA Globe Newswire: March 3 2016.http:\/\/investor.dermira.com\/phoenix.zhtml?c=253686&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=2145560(accessed: August 9 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","unstructured":"OTEZLA\u00ae(apremilast) tablets for oral use Summit NJ Celgene Corporation. 06\/2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","first-page":"26","volume":"2014","author":"Schafer P. H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","unstructured":"Efficacy and Safety Study of Apremilast in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis Clinicaltrials. gov web site https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02087943(accessed: August 9 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.10.039"}],"container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fexd.13808","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.13808","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/exd.13808","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.13808","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T09:28:10Z","timestamp":1694683690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/exd.13808"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"references-count":113,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/exd.13808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.13808","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6705","1600-0625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-04-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}