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Nicotinamide prevents ultraviolet radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>) from reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATP<\/jats:styled-content> levels and inhibiting glycolysis, thus preventing the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> radiation\u2010induced energy crisis. This enhances <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> repair and reduces <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced suppression of immunity. Randomised controlled clinical trials have also shown that nicotinamide reduces transepidermal water loss and the development of new non\u2010melanoma skin cancers in high\u2010risk humans. 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