{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:34:31Z","timestamp":1789846471575,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The skin surface microbiome and its role in skin diseases have received increasing attention over the past years. Beyond, there is evidence for a continuous exchange with the cutaneous immune system in healthy skin, where hair follicles (HFs) provide unique anatomical niches. Especially, scalp HFs form large tubular invaginations, which extend deeply into the skin and harbour a variety of microorganisms. The distinct immunology of HFs with enhanced immune cell trafficking in superficial compartments in juxtaposition to immune\u2010privileged sites crucial for hair follicle cycling and regeneration makes this organ a highly susceptible structure. Depending on composition and penetration depth, microbiota may cause typical infections, but may also contribute to pro\u2010inflammatory environment in chronic inflammatory scalp diseases. Involvement in hair cycle regulation and immune cell maturation has been postulated. Herein, we review recent insights in hair follicle microbiome, immunology and penetration research and discuss clinical implications for scalp health and disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T02:42:09Z","timestamp":1555036929000},"page":"286-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["The role of the microbiome in scalp hair follicle biology and disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Polak\u2010Witka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Rudnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Blume\u2010Peytavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9134-8413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annika","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics5020037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-110711-155532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40413-017-0160-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25451"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"The Bacteriology of Normal Skin","author":"Klingman A.","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04591.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1970.04000020015004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jisp.2017.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-46911-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1087-0024.2005.10124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200320365"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0058-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201700169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2016-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2007.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2537"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0404-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01569.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09154.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2004.00116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.221269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10834-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24877"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.05.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032847"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lapl.200410156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200006858X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)80026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12292090"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12512335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13293"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.4.478"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2013.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","first-page":"10","volume":"11","author":"Prohic A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12186"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2007.00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2007.00343.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90853-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0533-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14647"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-017-0178-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1995.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540000400204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","first-page":"341","volume":"9","author":"Hisham Diab Gaber A. M. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Life Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3315\/jdcr.2012.1120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2018.1481504"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.2017.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.3324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000350933"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10572.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","first-page":"435","volume":"16","author":"Kanti V.","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dtsch Dermatol. Ges."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.92.032704"}],"container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.13935","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/exd.13935","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.13935","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T19:39:56Z","timestamp":1694029196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/exd.13935"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/exd.13935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.13935","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6705","1600-0625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}