{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:37:29Z","timestamp":1791877049575,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The underlying mechanism of seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is poorly understood but major scientific progress has been made in recent years related to microbiology, immunology and genetics. In light of this, the major goal of this article was to summarize the most recent articles on SD, specifically related to underlying pathophysiology. SD results from Malassezia hydrolysation of free fatty acids with activation of the immune system by the way of pattern recognition receptors, inflammasome, IL\u20101\u03b2 and NF\u2010kB. M. restricta and M. globosa are likely the most virulent subspecies, producing large quantities of irritating oleic acids, leading to IL\u20108 and IL\u201017 activation. IL\u201017 and IL\u20104 might play a big role in pathogenesis, but this needs to be further studied using novel biologics. No clear genetic predisposition has been established; however, recent studies implicated certain increased\u2010risk human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, such as A*32, DQB1*05 and DRB1*01 as well as possible associations with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) through the LCE3 gene cluster while SD, and SD\u2010like syndromes, shares genetic mutations that appear to impair the ability of the immune system to restrict Malassezia growth, partially due to complement system dysfunction. A paucity of studies exists looking at the relationship between SD and systemic disease. In HIV, SD is thought to be secondary to a combination of immune dysregulation and disruption in skin microbiota with unhindered Malassezia proliferation. In Parkinson's disease, SD is most likely secondary to parasympathetic hyperactivity with increased sebum production as well as facial immobility which leads to sebum accumulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]],"date-time":"2020-03-03T12:07:48Z","timestamp":1583237268000},"page":"481-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":188,"title":["An update on the microbiology, immunology and genetics of seborrheic dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1159-6159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas A.","family":"Adalsteinsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Farmington Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonal","family":"Muzumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Farmington Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Guttman\u2010Yassky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ungar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2017.3038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.82117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Borda L. 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