{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T08:09:43Z","timestamp":1783152583517,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 pandemic has evolved to a global health problem with a dramatic morbidity and mortality rate impacting our daily life and those of many patients. While there is evidence that some diseases are associated with an increased risk for development of a more severe course of COVID\u201019, little is known on protective conditions. Importantly, clearance of viral infection and protection against disease manifestation crucially depends on functional innate and adaptive immunity and the interferon signalling axis. Here, we hypothesize that patients with non\u2010segmental vitiligo (NSV), an autoimmune skin (and mucosal) disorder, may clear SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection more efficiently and have a lower risk of COVID\u201019 development. Conversely, in case of COVID\u201019 development, vitiligo autoimmunity may influence the cytokine storm\u2010related disease burden. In addition, immune activation during SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection or COVID\u201019 disease might increase vitiligo disease activity. Our hypothesis is based on the shift of the immune system in NSV towards adaptive type 1 (IFN\u03b3 and CD8 T cells) and innate immune responses. Identified susceptibility genes of NSV patients may further confer increased antiviral activity. To validate our hypothesis, we suggest an international consortium to perform a retrospective data registry and patient\u2010reported study on a large number of NSV patients worldwide during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T23:10:29Z","timestamp":1622761829000},"page":"1254-1257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Does autoimmune vitiligo protect against COVID\u201019 disease?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9165-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoline F.","family":"Post","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0800-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalie M.","family":"Luiten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1421-1493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Wolkerstorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5625-9762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel 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