{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:31:08Z","timestamp":1785256268061,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitiligo is an autoimmune\u2010related disease with a complex aetiology that involves innate immunity. Toll\u2010like receptors (TLRs) are important parts of innate immunity and are related to a variety of autoimmune diseases, including vitiligo, through an unknown mechanism. In this study, we found that the TLR4 gene expression was increased in blood samples of patients with advanced stage vitiligo, and then, we evaluated the effect of TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on melanin synthesis in a vitiligo melanocyte cell line PIG3V and along with its mechanism. LPS suppressed melanin synthesis, downregulated the expression of melanin synthesis\u2010related proteins and activated autophagy in vitiligo melanocytes. Inhibiting autophagy with 3\u2010methyladenine or chloroquine blocked these effects. This suggests that LPS inhibits skin pigmentation by modulating autophagy, thus providing novel insights into the pathogenesis of vitiligo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T04:10:36Z","timestamp":1655957436000},"page":"1579-1585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Lipopolysaccharide reduces melanin synthesis in vitiligo melanocytes by regulating autophagy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueping","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science Northwest University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songmei","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"New insights into immune mechanisms of vitiligo","volume":"151","author":"Boniface K","year":"2016","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2013.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076464"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/437246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2010.01208.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2009.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"2867","article-title":"The expression of functional LPS receptor proteins CD14 and toll\u2010like receptor 4 in human corneal cells","volume":"42","author":"Song PI","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00889.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"412","article-title":"Human melanocytes express functional toll\u2010like receptor 4 exp","volume":"17","author":"Ahn J","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143702"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"e39","article-title":"Comparable down\u2010regulation of TYR, TYRP1 and TYRP2 genes and inhibition of melanogenesis by tyrostat, tocotrienol\u2010rich fraction and tocopherol in human skin melanocytes improves skin pigmentation","volume":"165","author":"Makpol S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Ter"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2020.3930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.011973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.7.12753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12337"}],"container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.14629","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/exd.14629","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.14629","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T07:23:59Z","timestamp":1692602639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/exd.14629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/exd.14629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.14629","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6705","1600-0625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}