{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:20:23Z","timestamp":1789086023096,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013238","name":"Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pustular psoriasis is characterised by eruptions of neutrophilic sterile pustules. The European Rare and Severe Psoriasis Expert Network consensus defines pustular psoriasis into three subtypes; generalised pustular psoriasis (GPP), palmoplantar pustulosis and acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH). Mixed forms are categorised according to their predominant features. However, the Japanese Dermatological Association includes ACH under the diagnosis of GPP. This article aims to review the similarities and differences between ACH and GPP. Based on our review, interleukin <jats:italic>(IL)\u201036RN<\/jats:italic> mutations, the most frequent genetic findings in pustular psoriasis are found most commonly in GPP, followed by ACH. Genotypes of <jats:italic>IL\u201036RN<\/jats:italic> mutations among GPP patients and ACH patients are different between European and Asian ethnicities. IL\u201036 signalling pathway is the main mechanism. Metabolic diseases are common comorbidities and joint involvement can occur in 20.5%\u201336.4% of both conditions. Associated plaque psoriasis is more common in GPP than in ACH. Generally, ACH, even the generalised type, does not have systemic inflammation whereas GPP can occur with or without systemic inflammation. ACH can occur before, simultaneously, or after the development of GPP. However, response to treatment for GPP and ACH even in the same patients appear to be different. ACH seemed to be more recalcitrant to treatment than GPP but severe flare of GPP can lead to morbidity and mortality. Although GPP and ACH share genotypes and pathogenesis, we believe that ACH should be classified separately from GPP, and not under diagnosis of GPP. Future research is warranted to satisfactorily distinguish the two conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T11:05:29Z","timestamp":1681470329000},"page":"1235-1245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau and generalised pustular psoriasis: Should they be the same or different entities?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6625-6445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leena","family":"Chularojanamontri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4663-563X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krittaya","family":"Rattanakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital  Phayao Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4374-1170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narachai","family":"Julanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Srinagarind Hospital Khon Kean University  Khon Kean Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6654-3409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mati","family":"Chuamanochan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5371-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher E. 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