{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T11:02:24Z","timestamp":1793790144060,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82030096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82030096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82173410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82230105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82230105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most prevalent autoimmune vesiculobullous skin illness that tends to affect the elderly. Growing evidence has hinted a correlation between BP and neurological diseases. However, existing observational studies contained inconsistent results, and the causality and direction of their relationship remain poorly understood. To assess the causal relationship between BP and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. A bidirectional two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR) adopted independent top genetic variants as instruments from the largest accessible genome\u2010wide association studies (GWASs), with BP (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009218\u2009348), PD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009482\u2009730), AD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200963\u2009926), stroke (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009446\u2009696), and MS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009115\u2009803). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR\u2010Egger, weighted mode methods, weighted median, and simple mode were performed to explore the causal association. Multiple sensitivity analyses, MR\u2010Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (PRESSO) was used to evaluate horizontal pleiotropy and remove outliers. With close\u2010to\u2010zero effect estimates, no causal impact of BP on the risk of the four neurological diseases was discovered. However, we found that MS was positively correlated with higher odds of BP (OR\u2009=\u20091.220, 95% CI: 1.058\u20131.408,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.006), while no causal associations were observed between PD (OR\u2009=\u20090.821, 95% CI: 0.616\u20131.093,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.176), AD (OR\u2009=\u20091.066, 95% CI: 0.873\u20131.358,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.603), stroke (OR\u2009=\u20090.911, 95% CI: 0.485\u20131.713,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.773) and odds of BP. In summary, no causal impact of BP on the risk of PD, AD, MS and stroke was detected in our MR analysis. However, reverse MR analysis identified that only MS was positively correlated with higher odds of BP, but not PD, AD and stroke.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T02:04:16Z","timestamp":1688090656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Assessment of relationships between bullous pemphigoid and neurological diseases: A bidirectional two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Shengxian","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology PLA Joint Service No. 903 Hospital  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an 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