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This review gives an overview of common techniques for setting up HSEs. The HSE consists of an artificial dermis and epidermis. 3T3\u2010J2 murine fibroblasts, purchased human fibroblasts or freshly isolated and cultured fibroblasts, together with other components, for example, collagen type I, are used to build the scaffold. Freshly isolated and cultured keratinocytes are seeded on top. It is possible to add other cell types, for example, melanocytes, to the HSE\u2014depending on the research question. After several days and further steps, the 3D skin can be harvested. Additionally, we show possible markers and techniques for evaluation of artificial skin. Furthermore, we provide a comparison of HSEs to human skin organ culture, a model which employs human donor skin. We outline advantages and limitations of both models and discuss future perspectives in using HSEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T05:16:57Z","timestamp":1692681417000},"page":"1870-1883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Requisite instruments for the establishment of three\u2010dimensional epidermal human skin equivalents\u2014A methods review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Christianna Marie","family":"Czyz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"L\u00fcbeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED) University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Werner","family":"Kunth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L\u00fcbeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED) University of L\u00fcbeck  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