{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:33:00Z","timestamp":1793277180712,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The skin is increasingly recognized as a biological active organ interacting with the immune system. Given that the epidermal skin layer actively releases various cytokines, non\u2010invasive skin sampling methods could detect these cytokines, offering insights into clinical conditions. This study aims non\u2010invasively measuring cytokine levels directly from the skin surface to characterize different inflammatory chronic disorders in the adult and elderly population: psoriasis, diabetes type 2, rosacea, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aging. Cytokines IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20108 and IL\u201010 were sampled from healthy subjects and patients aged 18\u201380 using skin surface wash technique. A well with sterile phosphate\u2010buffered saline solution was placed on the skin for 30\u2009min, and the extracted solution was collected from the well for further cytokine levels analysis using ELISA assay. Results show distinct cytokine profiles in different pathological processes, healthy controls, affected and unaffected areas. Aging was associated with increased IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20108, and IL\u201010 levels in skin. In diabetes, IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20108 levels were elevated in lesional areas, while IL\u201010 levels were decreased in non\u2010lesional skin. Psoriatic lesions showed elevated levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20108. Rosacea patients had lower IL\u201010 levels in both lesional and non\u2010lesional areas. CKD patients exhibited significantly lower IL\u201010 levels compared to healthy individuals. In conclusion, skin surface wash\u2010derived cytokine profiles could serve as \u201calert biomarkers\u201d for disease prediction, enabling early detection. Additionally, this method's cost\u2010effectiveness allows pre\u2010screening of molecules in clinical studies and holds potential as a tool for biomarkers and omics analysis, enhancing disorder characterization and disease management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T05:15:10Z","timestamp":1708665310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Advancements in non\u2010invasive skin sampling: Clinical conditions characterization via the assessment of skin surface cytokine biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Meital","family":"Portugal\u2010Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DermAb.io  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Oron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DermAb.io  Haifa 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