{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T18:29:42Z","timestamp":1788805782983,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Botulinum toxin A (BTX) and microwave thermolysis (MWT) are standard axillary hyperhidrosis treatments, but comparison of their subclinical effects is lacking. Line\u2010field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC\u2010OCT) is a promising non\u2010invasive imaging tool for visualizing tissue\u2010interactions. This study aimed to describe subclinical effects of BTX and MWT for axillary hyperhidrosis with LC\u2010OCT\u2010imaging compared to histology. This study derived from an intra\u2010individual, randomized, controlled trial, treating axillary hyperhidrosis with BTX versus MWT. Subclinical effects based on LC\u2010OCT images from baseline and 6\u2010month follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098 patients) were evaluated and compared to corresponding histological samples. At baseline, LC\u2010OCT visualized eccrine pores at the skin surface and ducts in the upper dermis (500\u2009\u03bcm), but not deeper\u2010lying sweat glands. Histology identified entire sweat glands. Six months post\u2010treatment, LC\u2010OCT revealed no detectable morphology changes in any BTX\u2010treated axillae (100%), while recognizing obstructed eccrine pores and atrophy of eccrine ducts in most MWT\u2010treated axillae (75%). Histology corroborated LC\u2010OCT findings, while also showing substantial changes to entire sweat glands. LC\u2010OCT enabled visualization of subclinical alterations of superficial eccrine ducts after MWT and unchanged morphology after BTX. LC\u2010OCT is a promising tool for non\u2010invasive assessment of treatment\u2010specific tissue\u2010interactions that can be complementary to histology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T12:39:21Z","timestamp":1718627961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Subclinical effects of botulinum toxin A and microwave thermolysis for axillary hyperhidrosis: A descriptive study with line\u2010field confocal optical coherence tomography and histology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6954-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Llad\u00f3","family":"Grove","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Bispebjerg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8577-6638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Bispebjerg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina Loeth","family":"Maartensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1250-2035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merete","family":"Haedersdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Bispebjerg  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.11.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15657"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001906"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S2784-8671.23.07613-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04395-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23602"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19568"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.jbo.23.10.106007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19641"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2023.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.16-OR-19"}],"container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/exd.15110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T15:22:43Z","timestamp":1722525763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/exd.15110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/exd.15110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.15110","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6705","1600-0625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6705","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e15110"}}