{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:58:26Z","timestamp":1791284306572,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rosacea, steroid\u2010induced rosacea, also known as corticosteroid\u2010induced rosacea\u2010like dermatitis, and perioral dermatitis cause erythema, red papules, and pustules on the face. Tetracycline therapy is often effective for these skin diseases, suggesting that skin bacteria may be involved in these pathogeneses. To explore the etiologic significance of skin bacteria, we examined the microbiota of rosacea, steroid\u2010induced rosacea, and perioral dermatitis, as well as healthy participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950), using swab specimens that were obtained by rubbing the skin surface and vellus hair specimens that were collected from the perioral lesions. Skin microbiota was determined with short\u2010amplicon sequence analysis for 16S rRNA gene (V1\u2013V2 regions). Comparative analysis of the microbiota showed that the bacterial composition in perioral dermatitis cases was clearly different from that of rosacea cases and healthy participants but similar to that of some cases of steroid\u2010induced rosacea. The uncultured <jats:italic>Neisseriales<\/jats:italic> bacterium was prevalent in the skin microbiota of some cases of steroid\u2010induced rosacea and perioral dermatitis cases. After antibiotic therapy to steroid\u2010induced rosacea and perioral dermatitis cases, the uncultured <jats:italic>Neisseriales<\/jats:italic> bacterium disappeared with improvement of the skin rash. These results indicate that the skin bacteria involving unculturable bacterium in the skin microbiota had a significant impact on steroid\u2010induced rosacea and perioral dermatitis pathogeneses, and that microbiota\u2010targeted treatment may be effective for steroid\u2010induced rosacea and perioral dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.70084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T10:55:51Z","timestamp":1742208951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparative Analysis of the Skin Microbiota of Rosacea, Steroid\u2010Induced Rosacea and Perioral Dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0620-4170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akiko","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshifumi","family":"Osaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5582-319X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuko","family":"Fukuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1479-1769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoko","family":"Yanagisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2491-8548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoko","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00595-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/491376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Treasure Island (FL) StatPerals","author":"Tolaymat L.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8070987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.1994.tb00407.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.757284"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1169916"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171700"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13786"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"1419","volume-title":"Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e","author":"Steinhoff M.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.f.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"524","volume-title":"Rook's Dermatology Handbook","author":"Griffiths C. 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