{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T11:44:17Z","timestamp":1758109457984,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNRF121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNRF121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Itch can be a side\u2010effect of drugs like opioids, with prevalence depending on the route of administration. This study aimed to investigate if morphine (1) induced itch and neurogenic inflammation after intradermal injection and (2) modulates the responses to locally experimentally induced histaminergic and non\u2010histaminergic itch. Twenty\u2010four healthy volunteers participated in this randomised, single\u2010blinded study. Two areas on the volar forearms of each participant were randomly treated with either intradermal morphine 0.05\u2009mL (0.1\u2009mg\/mL) or saline (isotonic saline 0.05\u2009mL), followed by assessment of itch intensity, wheal, and flare reactions. After injection, histamine and cowhage (non\u2010histaminergic itch) were randomly applied intradermally and topically, respectively at the sites of morphine\/saline injection, and the assessments were repeated. Before saline\/morphine injections (baseline measurement), after injections (post\u2010intervention measurement), and after pruritogen application (post\u2010pruritogen measurement), superficial blood perfusions were measured using full\u2010field laser perfusion imaging. Morphine induced increased peak itch intensity and itch area under the curve compared to saline, without further increase by the experimentally induced histaminergic and non\u2010histaminergic itch. Morphine also caused a larger wheal area compared to saline. Morphine increased superficial blood perfusion compared to saline both after treatment and after pruritogens. This study confirmed that (1) intradermal morphine induces spontaneous itch, (2) morphine induced neurogenic inflammation which alone and in combination with the pruritogens caused larger responses (wheal and flare) when compared with saline and (3) the itch intensities provoked by experimentally induced histaminergic and non\u2010histaminergic substances were not modulated when applied to the morphine\u2010treated areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.70149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T11:58:56Z","timestamp":1754999936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Intradermal Morphine on Histaminergic and Non\u2010Histaminergic Itch: A Randomised, Single\u2010Blinded, Human Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6548-2459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Lo Vecchio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9981-8854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia Erica","family":"Aliotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroai","family":"Okutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Hyogo Medical University  Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Ammitzb\u00f8ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mech\u2010Sense Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Wegeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mech\u2010Sense Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn","family":"Mohr Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mech\u2010Sense Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Clinical Institute Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-1579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Arendt\u2010Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mech\u2010Sense Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Clinical Institute Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0305"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2010.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Itch and Pain: Similarities, Interactions, and Differences","author":"Cowan A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2013.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(98)00115-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.117045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003844"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.2180"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Management of Common Opioid\u2010Induced Adverse Effects","volume":"74","author":"Swegle J. 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