{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T14:50:40Z","timestamp":1787323840579,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82273563 and 81972962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82273563 and 81972962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease with an increasing incidence in recent years; however, the underlying immune regulatory mechanisms remain largely unclear. As a critical signalling hub linking innate and adaptive immunity, stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases and may regulate tissue inflammation and immune homeostasis through modulation of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell responses. In this study, we found that STING expression was significantly increased in lesional skin tissues from patients with BP compared with healthy controls. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells from BP patients were primarily enriched in the JAK\u2013STAT signalling pathway, T cell activation and differentiation, and type I interferon (IFN\u2010I)\u2010related pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of STING markedly attenuated the aberrant activation of these signalling pathways. Moreover, qRT\u2010PCR analysis confirmed that the mRNA levels of STING1, JAK1, and CXCR5 were significantly elevated in BP patients, whereas treatment with the STING inhibitor C176 suppressed the expression of these molecules. Collectively, our findings suggest that STING may contribute to BP immunopathogenesis by regulating the JAK\u2013STAT signalling axis and promoting abnormal CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell activation and differentiation, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying BP and identifying potential therapeutic targets.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.70328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T02:45:45Z","timestamp":1784342745000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>STING<\/scp>\n                    Drives\n                    <scp>CD4<\/scp>\n                    <sup>\n                      <b>+<\/b>\n                    <\/sup>\n                    T Cell Differentiation via\n                    <scp>JAK<\/scp>\n                    \u2013\n                    <scp>STAT<\/scp>\n                    Signalling in Bullous Pemphigoid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8919-3109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Institute of Integrative Dermatology Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2305-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengke","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8369-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junchen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Institute of Integrative Dermatology Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianxue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Institute of Integrative Dermatology Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Institute of Integrative Dermatology Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2933-2207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizhi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1144429"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","article-title":"Autoreactive T Follicular Helper Cells Drive Induction of Bullous Pemphigoid\u2010Like Skin Disease","volume":"7","author":"Ramcke T.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative 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