{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:48:56Z","timestamp":1782460136259,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Family Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>African American parents experience child loss at disproportionately high rates, yet family systems and grief literature have largely overlooked this population's grief experience. This paper examines how therapists can provide culturally responsive care to African American parents navigating the death of a child. Drawing on existing literature, this paper expounds on the historical trends within the African American family system while delineating unique African American grief practices. Practical and culturally relevant clinical practices such as facilitating robust social support networks, creating structured opportunities for public and communal mourning, and therapeutically addressing the intensity of grief\u2010related emotional responses are provided. Family therapists are called to expand their grief frameworks and family interventions beyond individualized, Western\u2010centric models to encompass the collective, justice\u2010oriented dimensions of loss that shape the lived experiences of African American families.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T08:58:55Z","timestamp":1776416335000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Black Grief, Black Healing: Exploring African American Parents Grief With Cultural Implications for Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3719-1990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nyla","family":"Rogers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Counseling Psychology Howard University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1660-6560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shareefah","family":"Al'Uqdah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counseling Psychology Howard University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0636-0503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denzell","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counseling Psychology Howard University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3004-8135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Briayanna","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counseling Psychology Howard University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2011.553312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826\u2010015\u20100219\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325024.2017.1393373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798417732930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180802215718"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Baker\u2010Gibbs T. C.2020.\u201cProtective Factors for Marital Stability in Long\u2010Term Marriage Among African American Couples: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.\u201dDoctoral dissertation Northcentral University."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baloyi L. andM.Makobe\u2010Rabothata.2014.The African Conception of Death: A Cultural Implication.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4087\/FRDW2511.","DOI":"10.4087\/FRDW2511"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121\u2010018\u20100895\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behrman R. E. andM. J.Field eds.2003.When Children Die: Improving Palliative and End\u2010Of\u2010Life Care for Children and Their Families.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/10390.","DOI":"10.17226\/10390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00027640121956502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Attachment and Loss: Loss, Sadness, and Depression","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume-title":"Black Families in Therapy: Understanding the African American Experience","author":"Boyd\u2010Franklin N.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/esr.2000.23.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/OM.61.1.a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of American Social History","author":"Cayton M. K.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2018.Fatal and Non\u2010Fatal Injury Reports [Web\u2010based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS)].https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injury\/wisqars."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).2021.Underlying Cause of Death 1999\u20132020 on CDC WONDER Online Database."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics.2020.Underlying Cause of Death 1999\u20132019 On CDC WONDER Online Database Released In 2020. Data Are from The Multiple Cause of Death Files 1999\u20132019 As Compiled From Data Provided by the 57 Vital Statistics Jurisdictions Through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program.http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/ucd\u2010icd10.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.20202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1387589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"553","volume-title":"When Children Die","author":"Christ G. H.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","article-title":"The Black Family in the Age of Mass Incarceration","volume":"316","author":"Coates T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atlantic (Boston, Mass.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","volume-title":"Soul Theology: The Heart of American Black Culture","author":"Cooper\u2010Lewter N. C.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","volume-title":"Death and Dying, Life and Living","author":"Corr C. A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2019.1579897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429494574-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315639529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"Childhood and Society","author":"Erikson E. H.","year":"1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"237","volume-title":"The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XIV (1914\u20131916): On the History of the Psycho\u2010Analytic Movement, Papers on Metapsychology and Other Works","author":"Freud S.","year":"1917"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2011.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2015.1047059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0039734"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","volume-title":"Rest Is Resistance: A Manifesto","author":"Hersey T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"Hooks B.1994.Love as the Practice of Freedom.https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/art343\/files\/2022\/11\/BellHooks.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615\u2010022\u201000856\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2018.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12614"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cfp0000014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/T8L3\u2010UVD8\u2010J2RD\u2010TLLB"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","volume-title":"Parental Grief: Solace and Resolution","author":"Klass D.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","volume-title":"God, Marriage, and Family","author":"K\u00f6stenberger A. J.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481189308252620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/OM.57.2.d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2012.673533"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","volume-title":"The Four Horsemen: Criticism, Contempt, Defensiveness, & Stonewalling","author":"Lisitsa E.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19424620.2013.821762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J002v38n03_04"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1725930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","volume-title":"CDC Study Shows Lower Life Expectancy for Natives","author":"Morgan B.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3006184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","unstructured":"National Healthy Marriage Resource Center. n.d.\u201cSupporting an African American Healthy Marriage Initiative.\u201dhttp:\/\/www.healthymarriageinfo.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Supporting\u2010an\u2010African\u2010American.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Case Studies in Couples Therapy","author":"Navarra R. J.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08975353.2019.1666497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00064246.1974.11431425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/1L3J\u201042VC\u2010BE4H\u2010LFVU"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","unstructured":"Pew Research Center.2015.\u201cFuture Immigration Will Change the Face of America by 2065.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Gender and Kinship: Essays Toward a Unified Analysis","author":"Rapp R.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmcd.12035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","volume-title":"The Effect of the Death of a Child on Midlife Mental and Physical Health: An Exploration of Risk and Resilience Factors","author":"Rogers C. H.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180590916353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","volume-title":"African American Grief","author":"Rosenblatt P. C.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/X565\u2010HW49\u2010CHR0\u2010FYB4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741\u20103737.2004.00030.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17744\/mehc.33.1.r4971657p7176307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X11420370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480794023002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20798349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2011.554167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00909880903025887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605599114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440\u20101754.2002.00008.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12263"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","volume-title":"The African Background Outlined: Or Handbook for the Study of the Negro","author":"Woodson C. G.","year":"1936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.01466"}],"container-title":["Family Process"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/famp.70145","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/famp.70145","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/famp.70145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:17:17Z","timestamp":1782458237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/famp.70145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/famp.70145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/famp.70145","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-7370","1545-5300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-7370","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-5300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70145"}}