{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:48:56Z","timestamp":1782460136237,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Family Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Despite growing evidence of its role in individual well\u2010being, little is known about how self\u2010compassion influences parent\u2013child interactions, particularly interpersonal and reciprocal processes. Integrative models that combine self\u2010compassion, emotion regulation, and cognitive flexibility are needed to understand how these characteristics affect family dynamics. To cover theoretical and methodological gaps, this study analyzes longitudinal dyadic associations between self\u2010compassion, emotion regulation difficulties, and cognitive flexibility in parent\u2013child relationships. To this end, the Longitudinal Actor\u2013Partner Interdependence Model (L\u2010APIM) was employed as a dyadic analytic approach. The study sample comprised 248 adolescents and one of their parents (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009496) residing in T\u00fcrkiye. According to the analysis results, at the actor effects level, adolescents' self\u2010compassion positively affects their cognitive flexibility, while parents' self\u2010compassion negatively affects their own difficulties in emotion regulation. At the partner effects level, adolescents' self\u2010compassion negatively affects their parents' difficulties in emotion regulation, while parents' self\u2010compassion positively affects their children's cognitive flexibility. These results reveal that self\u2010compassion has cognitive and emotional effects on the psychological functioning within the family and that an individual's internal resources play a decisive role not only for themselves but also for the psychological processes of family members with whom they have close relationships. These findings suggest that self\u2010compassion intervention research should consider family psychological connections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.70147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T02:54:32Z","timestamp":1777344872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self\u2010Compassion, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, and Cognitive Flexibility in Parent\u2013Child Relationships in T\u00fcrkiye: A Dyadic Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4795-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beste","family":"Erdin\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quality and Governance Coordinatorship \u0130stanbul Nisantasi University  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9482-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Aky\u0131l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Counseling Ministry of Education  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinan","family":"Okur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences National Defense University, Turkish Air Force Academy  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7930-3121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Engin","family":"Deniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychological Counseling and Guidance Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Near East University  Nicosia T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2871-8589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seydi Ahmet","family":"Sat\u0131c\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychological Counseling and Guidance Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Near East University  Nicosia T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Faculty of Education Biruni University  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10643\u2010025\u201001896\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12984\/egeefd.1510661"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941251335580"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.15699020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7816\/nesne\u201011\u201030\u201001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"Investigation of Forgiving Traits of Prospective Teachers in Terms of Self\u2010Compassion and Self\u2010Esteem","author":"As\u0131c\u0131 E.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32598\/irj.21.1.69.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Social Foundations of Thought and Action, Englewood Cliffs","author":"Bandura A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010012\u20100192\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0014013031000061640"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15390\/EB.2014.3466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144\u2010024\u201005775\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17470210903204618"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.95.3.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2008.36.9.1151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187\u2010022\u201009915\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608\u2010009\u20109276\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16986\/HUJE.2018037424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","volume-title":"2st International Congress of Educational Sciences and Linguists","author":"Ek\u015fi H.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14812\/cuefd.1074927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126\u2010025\u201010202\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14639947.2011.564831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","volume-title":"The Mindful Path to Self\u2010Compassion: Freeing Yourself From Destructive Thoughts and Emotions","author":"Germer C.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2018.1527223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"297","volume-title":"The Wisdom in Feeling: Psychological Processes in Emotional Intelligence","author":"Gross J. 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