{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:43:19Z","timestamp":1792478599381,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD112694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD112694"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Family Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adapting evidence\u2010based interventions (EBIs) to be sensitive to populations who have experienced trauma has been shown to improve engagement, retention, satisfaction, and effectiveness. Compared to civilian mothers, military\u2010connected mothers (MCM)\u2014including service members, veterans, or their partners\u2014face greater exposure to trauma across the life course, leading to mental health and parenting challenges. These may adversely affect their children's mental health and perpetuate generational trauma. EBIs aligned with people's life experiences and cultural backgrounds are critical to supporting the mental wellbeing and parental functioning of MCM. Informed by the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications\u2010Enhanced and utilizing rapid qualitative analysis\u2014a rigorous method for quickly identifying key interview themes\u2014this paper describes the process of adapting an innovative EBI, Parenting\u2010STAIR (P\u2010STAIR), which targets maternal trauma, emotion regulation, and parenting. Transcripts from interviews with administrators, clinicians, and MCM at clinics serving military families were systematically summarized, organized into matrices, and analyzed. Four emergent themes informed adaptations to P\u2010STAIR: (a) streamlined treatment and enhanced engagement, (b) flexibility and responsiveness, (c) mental health stigma reduction, and (d) military cultural relevance. Considering these priorities, which were expressed across participant groups, P\u2010STAIR was shortened from 23 sessions to a brief, modular 12\u201316\u2010session intervention that can be personalized to individual needs and uses approachable language (e.g., distress vs. trauma), which aims to reduce the impact of stigma on engagement and retention. A standalone guide was developed to accompany the intervention manual, which may help clinicians better understand the unique experiences of military families. The outcome of this process, PSTAIR\u2010M, is a briefer, modular intervention we anticipate will be suitable for delivery to MCM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.70209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:32:07Z","timestamp":1792477927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adaptation of a Trauma\u2010Focused Parenting Intervention for Military\u2010Connected Mothers and Their Young Children: A Rapid Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5269-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathrine S.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina M.","family":"Angelotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9726-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seonyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6221-1220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Whitney K.","family":"Wortham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3351-3165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damaris","family":"Banegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Arts and Science New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Lindsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan G.","family":"Timmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAARE Diagnostic &amp; Treatment Center, Department of Pediatrics University of California  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8029-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marylene","family":"Cloitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christie","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STAIR Institute  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Jaccard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silver School of Social Work New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3855-516X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3998-7212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison B.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Linkh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cohen Veterans Network Institute for Quality  Stamford Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2411-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven L.","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cohen Veterans Network Institute for Quality  Stamford Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098214019893784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615\u2010018\u20100651\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104973230201200611"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.724"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u2010006X.70.5.1067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18848\/2156\u20108960\/CGP\/v01i02\/41168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105614"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578\u2010022\u201001406\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"Returning Home From Iraq and Afghanistan: Preliminary Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families","author":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Initial Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Military Personnel, Veterans, and Their Families","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012\u2010024\u201001397\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904\u2010024\u201001485\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567\u2010024\u201000503\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579418001700"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954\u2010024\u201000965\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","volume-title":"Strengthening the Military Family Readiness System for a Changing American Society","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; 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