{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:11:37Z","timestamp":1762431097414},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]],"date-time":"2015-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parachuting (also called bombing) is a method of drug delivery where illicit drugs or medicines are ingested after wrapping the substance. There are little data describing parachuting in the literature. To provide a description of this practice, all cases of parachuting reported to the national addictovigilance network up to 31 December 2014 were identified from spontaneous reports and specific surveillance programs. Cases were described according to the type of substance used, patient age and gender, type of complications, context of use and year of the event. Forty\u2010five cases of parachute use were identified and most (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 43) occurred after 2011. Patients were mostly men (60%), and mean age was 28.9 years. The context of use, known in 19 cases, was mostly recreational. Complications were present in 24 cases, of which eight were serious. The substance was supposed to be 3,4\u2010methylenedioxymethamphetamine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDMA<\/jats:styled-content>) in the majority of cases (64.4%); research chemicals were more involved in the most recent years. The physical form was mainly granular (51.6%). The wrappers were a cigarette paper (nine cases) and in one case plastic package; in the other cases, the term of parachute was used without further details. The reason for use was not explained in the majority of cases; two patients indicated using a parachute for faster effect than with a methadone capsule. Clinicians should be aware of this delivery form as the results suggest that it is common and can involve a great variability of drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]],"date-time":"2015-11-26T15:41:03Z","timestamp":1448552463000},"page":"185-190","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Illicit drugs or medicines taken by parachuting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Daveluy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Service de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale CHU de Bordeaux INSERM U657 Bordeaux F\u201033000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"G\u00e9niaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Service de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale CHU de Bordeaux INSERM U657 Bordeaux F\u201033000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Eiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance D\u00e9partement de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale et Toxicologie CHU de Montpellier Montpellier F\u201034000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance CHU de Lyon Lyon F\u201069000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chouki","family":"Chenaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Service de Pharmacologie CHU de Clermont\u2010Ferrand Clermont\u2010Ferrand F\u201063000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Deheul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance D\u00e9partement de Pharmacologie CHRU de Lille Lille F\u201059037 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Spadari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance PACA Corse Service de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale et Clinique AP\u2010HM Marseille F\u201013005 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"G\u00e9rardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance D\u00e9partement de Pharmacologie Clinique CHU de Nantes Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghada","family":"Miremont\u2010Salam\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Service de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale CHU de Bordeaux INSERM U657 Bordeaux F\u201033000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Haramburu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Service de Pharmacologie M\u00e9dicale CHU de Bordeaux INSERM U657 Bordeaux F\u201033000 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"French Network of Addictovigilance Centres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bks085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5042\/daat.2010.0123"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-011-0193-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2070-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-013-1163-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650600671746"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e3181f69ccc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"617","article-title":"Parachuting of water\u2010extracted dextromethorphan","volume":"48","author":"Kwon S.K.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. 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