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The activation, differentiation, and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts regulate the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECM<\/jats:styled-content> proteins. The signaling by bone morphogenetic protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104), an extracellular ligand of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2 family, has recently been identified as an essential pathway in regulating cardiovascular dysfunctions including myocardial fibrosis. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content>) are well known for their cardioprotective activity. The primary aim of the study was to investigate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104\u2010mediated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECM<\/jats:styled-content> turnover in cardiac fibrosis during isoproterenol\u2010induced post\u2010MI and its downregulation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content>. Myocardial injury was evaluated by assaying serum markers <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content>. Oxidative stress and the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels were assessed to support the cardioprotective nature of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content>. The total collagen level was analyzed by measuring hydroxyproline levels. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced group showed a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidants due to severe oxidative stress and increased expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 which reflects the increased expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content> 2 and 9 with a concomitant increase and deposition of fibrillary collagens type I and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> responsible for the fibrotic scar formation as evidenced in the histological analysis.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 activation, thus, is strongly associated with cardiac fibrosis which was downregulated upon <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content> supplementation. This study provides an evidence supporting the antifibrotic effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content> via regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104\u2010mediated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECM<\/jats:styled-content> turnover and also substantiates the remarkable antioxidant efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPC<\/jats:styled-content> against isoproterenol induced severe oxidative stress and subsequent post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> cardiac fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T16:30:15Z","timestamp":1508776215000},"page":"51-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Oligomeric proanthocyanidins protect myocardium by mitigating left ventricular remodeling in isoproterenol\u2010induced postmyocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ashokkumar","family":"Rathinavel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Madras Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamuna","family":"Sankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Madras Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakeena Sadullah","family":"Mohammed Sadullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Madras Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6371-8552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sivasithamparam","family":"Niranjali Devaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Madras Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2009.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Collagen remodeling after myocardial infarction in the rat heart","volume":"147","author":"Cleutjens J.P.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. 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