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Peripheral neuropathy is a well\u2010known side effect of cisplatin and has potential to result in limiting and\/or reducing the dose, decreasing the quality of life. Thus, effective treatments are needed. Agmatine is an endogenous neuromodulator that has been shown to exert antiallodynic effects in various animal studies. The first aim of this study was to investigate the in\u00a0vitro effects of agmatine on cisplatin\u2010induced neurotoxicity. Primary cultures of dorsal root ganglia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>) which are the primary target of drug injury were prepared. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content> cells were incubated with cisplatin (100, 200, 500\u00a0\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). Then, agmatine (10, 100, 500\u00a0\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) was administered with the submaximal concentration of cisplatin. Cisplatin caused concentration\u2010dependent neurotoxicity, and agmatine did not alter this effect. The second aim was to investigate the effects of agmatine on cisplatin\u2010induced peripheral neuropathy in rats and the influence of nitric oxide synthase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibitor, L\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAME<\/jats:styled-content>, in this effect. Female Sprague Dawley rats received intraperitoneal saline (control), cisplatin (3\u00a0mg\/kg), cisplatin+agmatine (100\u00a0mg\/kg), or cisplatin+agmatine+L\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAME<\/jats:styled-content> (10\u00a0mg\/kg) once a week for 5\u00a0weeks. The mechanical allodynia, hot plate, and tail clip tests were performed, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content> cells and sciatic nerves were analyzed. Agmatine and agmatine+L\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAME<\/jats:styled-content> combination attenuated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced mechanical allodynia and degeneration in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content> cells and sciatic nerves. However, L\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAME<\/jats:styled-content> did not potentiate the antiallodynic or neuroprotective effect of agmatine. These findings indicate that agmatine co\u2010administration ameliorates cisplatin\u2010induced neuropathy and may be a therapeutic alternative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T22:09:26Z","timestamp":1517263766000},"page":"288-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Agmatine co\u2010treatment attenuates allodynia and structural abnormalities in cisplatin\u2010induced neuropathy in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Basak","family":"Donertas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cigdem","family":"Cengelli Unel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sule","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emel","family":"Ulupinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Ozatik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Dumlupinar University Kutahya 43000 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilgin","family":"Kaygisiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8808-6616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevser","family":"Erol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir 26480 Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510020102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1611(200001\/02)9:1<29::AID-PON428>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.5.795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2017.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2007.00474.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2009.00801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20170007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(03)00297-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1304.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)01456-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.04.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2013.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3160247"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-014-0213-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"12748","article-title":"Phosphorylated neuronal nitric oxide synthase in neuropathic pain in rats","volume":"8","author":"Zhou Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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