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Wistar rats were subjected to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCCA<\/jats:styled-content>o procedure under anaesthesia to induce VaD. The rats were subjected to Morris water maze (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MWM<\/jats:styled-content>) test (6th day onwards post\u2010surgery). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MWM<\/jats:styled-content> test was employed to assess learning and memory of the animals whereby escape latency time, time spent in target quadrant and Path length (distance travelled) taken as important parameters. Serum nitrite level; Brain thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBARS<\/jats:styled-content>) and reduced glutathione (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content>) levels; Brain acetylcholinesterase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>hE) activity; brain Myeloperoxidase activity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPO<\/jats:styled-content>) and neutrophil count were estimated as per standard procedures. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCCA<\/jats:styled-content>o in rats produced a significant vascular endothelial dysfunction, as reflected by decrease in serum nitrite levels. Further, these animals showed poor performance on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MWM<\/jats:styled-content>, depicting impairment of learning and memory. There was a significant rise in brain oxidative stress level as indicated by increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBARS<\/jats:styled-content> and decrease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content> levels. An increase in brain <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>hE activity was also observed. Moreover, these rats also exhibited an increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPO<\/jats:styled-content> activity and neutrophil infiltration in brain (as marker of inflammation). Treatment of Carnosine (200 and 400 mg\/kg, i.p.)\/Donepezil (0.3 mg\/kg, i.p.) ameliorated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCCA<\/jats:styled-content>o\u2010induced memory deficits; endothelial dysfunction; biochemical and histopathological changes. It is concluded that Carnosine has shown efficacy in rat model of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCCA<\/jats:styled-content>o\u2010induced VaD and can be considered as an important therapeutic agent for the treatment of VaD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]],"date-time":"2018-04-20T14:14:49Z","timestamp":1524233689000},"page":"516-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Potential of carnosine, a histamine precursor in rat model of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion\u2010induced vascular dementia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Nidhi","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNS Research Lab. 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