{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T20:10:57Z","timestamp":1781208657993,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The therapeutic limitations and poor management of inflammatory conditions are anticipated to impact patients negatively over the coming decades. Following the synthesis of the first pyrazole\u2014antipyrine in 1887, several other derivatives have been screened for anti\u2010inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. Arguably, the pyrazole ring, as a major pharmacophore and central scaffold partly, defines the pharmacological profile of several derivatives. In this review, we explore the structural\u2013activity relationship that accounts for the pharmacological profile of pyrazole derivatives and highlights future research perspectives capable of optimizing current advancement in the search for safe and efficacy anti\u2010inflammatory drugs. The flourishing research into the pyrazole derivatives as drug candidates has advanced our understanding of inflammation\u2010related diseases and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T23:50:06Z","timestamp":1605052206000},"page":"217-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Development of pyrazole derivatives in the management of inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4646-5682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa C\u00f3rdova","family":"Turones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goi\u00e1s Campus Samambaia Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s 74001970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8968-9438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline Nazareth","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goi\u00e1s Campus Samambaia Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s 74001970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1656-181X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorrane Kelle da Silva","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goi\u00e1s Campus Samambaia Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s 74001970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7440-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Oluwagbamigbe","family":"Fajemiroye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goi\u00e1s Campus Samambaia Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s 74001970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1996-0901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elson Alves","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goi\u00e1s Campus Samambaia Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s 74001970 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871523017666180411155240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-020-02891-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2018.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601222R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-016-0628-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0675-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2020.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.0306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NJ03181A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1366-0071(97)80033-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1964.03070120060014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2004.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2016.04.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2017.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0223-5234(89)90089-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Update on clinical developments with celecoxib, a new specific COX\u20102 inhibitor: what can we expect?","volume":"26","author":"Geis G.S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670070024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Recent developments in synthetic chemistry and biological activities of pyrazole derivatives","author":"Faisal M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"200 112438","article-title":"Recent advancements in the development of heterocyclic anti\u2010inflammatory agents","author":"Sharma S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-017-1870-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2015.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","article-title":"New pyrazole derivatives possessing amino\/methanesulphonyl pharmacophore with good gastric safety profile: design, synthesis, cyclooxygenase inhibition, anti\u2010inflammatory activity and histopathological studies","volume":"95","author":"Abdellatif K.R.A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14756366.2016.1158168"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22040512"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103023","article-title":"Design, synthesis, modeling studies and biological screening of novel pyrazole derivatives as potential analgesic and anti\u2010inflammatory agents","volume":"89","author":"Taher A.T.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2016.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.3118"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-0516-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazolone analogues as potential anti\u2010inflammatory agents targeting cyclooxygenases and 5\u2010lipoxygenase","volume":"359","author":"Shabaan M.A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Chem. Life. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","first-page":"189 112066","article-title":"Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazole sulfonamide derivatives as dual COX\u20102\/5\u2010LOX inhibitors","author":"Gedawy E.M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201700026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2017.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Potential anti\u2010inflammatory effect of LQFM\u2010021 in carrageenan\u2010induced inflammation: the role of nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide","volume":"69","author":"Florentino I.F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201700025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14756366.2013.873037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14756366.2015.1094469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","first-page":"3416","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of substituted hydrazone and pyrazole derivatives as selective COX\u20102 inhibitors: molecular docking study. Bioorganic","volume":"19","author":"El\u2010Sayed M.A.A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-017-1923-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.03.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2015.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.13076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","first-page":"433","article-title":"The coxibs, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase\u20102","volume":"345","author":"FitzGerald G.A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2009.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0030055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23102556"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2538"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-017-0390-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12416"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2016.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.11.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570180816666190325163117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","first-page":"115 108915","article-title":"Antinociceptive effects of new pyrazoles compounds mediated by the ASIC\u20101\u03b1 channel, TRPV\u20101 and \u03bcMOR receptors","author":"Florentino I.F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2016.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jscs.2012.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12838"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Involvement of the NO\/cGMP\/KATP pathway in the antinociceptive effect of the new pyrazole 5\u2010(1\u2010(3\u2010fluorophenyl)\u20101H\u2010pyrazol\u20104\u2010yl)\u20102H\u2010tetrazole (LQFM\u2010021). Nitric Oxide","volume":"47","author":"Florentino I.F.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Antimicrobial and antinociceptive profile of some novel pyrazole derivatives","volume":"55","author":"Sen S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian. J. Chem. Sect. B. Org. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Intrathecal administration of a novel pyrazolyl\u2010thiazole derivative induces delayed antinociception in mice","volume":"4","author":"De Souza A.H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Electron. Arch."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-019-00001-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jscs.2012.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/znb-2015-0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-015-1327-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2015.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-016-0282-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S169637"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2017.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1064-19.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","first-page":"655","article-title":"Selective COX\u20102 inhibitors: a review of their structure\u2010activity relationships","volume":"10","author":"Zarghi A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7MD00390K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Pyrazolines: versatile molecules of synthetic and pharmaceutical applications\u2010a review","volume":"8","author":"Kumar K.A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. ChemTech. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-97072020000104746"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/56.1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-342-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_93_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Modern drug design with advancement in QSAR: a review","volume":"2","author":"OjhaLokendra K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Biosci. 1. Int. J. Res. Biosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2016.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6MD00569A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_96_1","first-page":"1017","article-title":"Quantitative structure activity relationship in drug design: an overview","volume":"2","author":"Kapoor Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"SF J. Pharm. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b01792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2017.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.03.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2010.00648.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2011.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2010.05.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2015.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2015.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170875"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-019-00093-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21451\/1984-3143-AR2017-0040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2003.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_110_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Evaluation of toxic impact of tartrazine on male swiss albino mice","volume":"1","author":"Gautam D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacologyonline"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2010.1181"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15376516.2017.1296051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_114_1","first-page":"1473","article-title":"Assessment of a sub\u2010chronic consumption of tartrazine (E102) on sperm and oxidative stress features in Wistar rat","volume":"24","author":"Boussada M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Food. Res. J."}],"container-title":["Fundamental &amp; Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.12629","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/fcp.12629","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.12629","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T12:56:20Z","timestamp":1693572980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/fcp.12629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"references-count":113,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/fcp.12629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/fcp.12629","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0767-3981","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-8206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-07-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}