{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:12:22Z","timestamp":1792699942260,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sildenafil, approved two decades ago, is the inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5). First of all, it was designated for angina pectoris, but soon it showed a wonderful efficacy in erectile dysfunction (ED) and then pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Due to the distribution of phosphodiesterase (PDE) in almost all organs, maybe it effects other diseases. Hence, a great number of investigations began to understand the role of PDEi in different organs. Preliminary research on sildenafil in cell culture and animal models has yielded promising results. Soon, a greater number of animal researches and clinical trials joined them. The results disclosed sildenafil can have beneficial effects in each organ such as heart, liver, kidney, brain, and intestines. Furthermore, it has significantly improved the prognosis of organ ischemia in various animal models. Clinical trials in several diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous miscarriage, fatty liver disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), heart failure, and premature ejaculation (PE) brought promising results. Although some clinical trials are available on the effects of sildenafil on various diseases, further studies on humans are needed to consolidate the ultimate effects of sildenafil. The aim of this review was to describe the effects of sildenafil on each organ and explain its mechanisms of action. Further, other PDE inhibitors such as tadalafil and vardenafil have been briefly discussed in parts of this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T04:34:24Z","timestamp":1606192464000},"page":"235-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Sildenafil beyond erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Thinking about new indications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5951-4864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moein","family":"Ala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 13145\u2010784 Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 13145\u2010784 Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7082-0838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Razieh","family":"Mohammad Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 13145\u2010784 Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8001-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Reza","family":"Dehpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 13145\u2010784 Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 13145\u2010784 Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199957060-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1368-5031.2005.00578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa063904"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.16.7583"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cb.11.110195.002221"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161206778343064"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3901207"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.01.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2018.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2017.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199805143382001"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.02.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.12.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2011.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp297"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4471"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_22_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Sildenafil reduces inflammation and prevents pulmonary arterial remodeling of the monocrotaline\u2010induced disease in the Wistar rats","volume":"7","author":"Bogdan S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Maedica."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.833.7","article-title":"The protective effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors\" sildenafil & ordonafil\u201d on ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury","volume":"33","author":"Khatib S.Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161126010"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00319.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00100.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161115666170126123258"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.147421"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502013000400008"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310510006268"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/2000656X.2015.1041024"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_33_1","article-title":"Tadalafil significantly reduces ischemia reperfusion injury in skin island flaps","volume":"46","author":"Kayiran O.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9398-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363747"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_52_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3182643f1a"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3938523"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20813"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/161942"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2019.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-015-1099-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2009.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2090598X.2019.1600995"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2016.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-013-0569-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4441"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-008-0243-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7324\/JAPS.2016.60221"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1607-551X(09)70530-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_56_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Protective effect of tadalafil against ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"21","author":"Wu Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl. J. Androl."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-012-0308-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195528"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705658"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0641-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.07.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02139-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JMISR.JMISR_38_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3901497"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.724070"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42592-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2019.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_70_1","first-page":"S151","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of sildenafil on the microvascular blood flow in patients with systemic sclerosis: a randomised, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled study","volume":"35","author":"Andrigueti F.V.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/ACPJ201902190-021"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-3119-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq291"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2012.2271"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2015.1066337"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.2011.01268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20929"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002729","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002729","article-title":"Impaired right ventricular\u2013pulmonary arterial coupling and effect of Sildenafil in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an ancillary analysis from the phosphodiesterase\u20105 inhibition to improve clinical status and exercise capacity in diastolic heart failure (RELAX) trial","volume":"9","author":"Hussain I.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx700"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/321460"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2014.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0420-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0795-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-017-9756-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.038695"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2010.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2015.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.10.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2019.114673"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1817009"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53136-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104890"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-10-30"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0043OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894019837875"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622319887879"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2014.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24524"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00055908"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2007.00523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2009.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2012.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_111_1","first-page":"10238","article-title":"Sildenafil ameliorated meconium\u2010induced acute lung injury in a neonatal rat model","volume":"9","author":"Song J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_112_1","article-title":"Effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor sildenafil on the respiratory parameters, inflammation and apoptosis in a saline lavage\u2010induced model of acute lung injury","volume":"5","author":"Kosutova P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"JPP."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176223"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2008.00388.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02735.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00110006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i3.438"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-9-69"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6208"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-015-0099-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijir.2010.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20999"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.06.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41443-018-0099-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12829"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.05797.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.08.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00928.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0646-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706361"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706362"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707605"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12846"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-009-0471-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_139_1","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Effects of sildenafil on the inflammatory and repair phase of bone healing speed in a rat model","volume":"31","author":"Kilinc C.Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Med. Mediterr."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-207001"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_141_1","first-page":"841","article-title":"Diabetic wound healing enhancement by tadalafil","volume":"12","author":"Jarad A.S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC105.63176327"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2018.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12378"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_145_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"SIRT1 and other sirtuins in metabolism","volume":"25","author":"Chang H.\u2010C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9185987"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14674"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2004.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2017-0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2007.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2005.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000334952"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-17-0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-011-1164-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108121108"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2012.162"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.03.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-012-0848-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006965107"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6749"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-1716"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-1711"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2017.1405427"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20535"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E13-06-0334"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2019.109425"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2019.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_172_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"In\u2010vivo efficacy study of sildenafil in the management of radiological skin injuries","volume":"9","author":"Kulshrestha S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Radiation Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020180040000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.9.2386"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioz203"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2009.311"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-1770.ijrcog20162109"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2958","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2019.33796","article-title":"Effect of sildenafil citrate on uterine artery blood flow in patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriages: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"75","author":"Mohamed M.A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt J. Hosp. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_180_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Effect of sildenafil citrate on endometrial preparation and outcome of frozen\u2010thawed embryo transfer cycles: a randomized clinical trial. Iran","volume":"11","author":"Firouzabadi R.D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_181_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Novel biopharmaceutical use of sildenafil citrate in treatment of unexplained recurrent miscarriage: first longitudinal clinical study of 50 cases from Egypt","volume":"3","author":"El\u2010Far M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Pharm. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_182_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"The effect of vaginal sildenafil on the outcome of assisted reproductive technology cycles in patients with repeated implantation failures: a randomized placebo\u2010controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Moini A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_183_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Oral sildenafil citrate versus nitric oxide patch treating recurrent miscarriage","volume":"1","author":"Gamea R.M.R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Case Rep. Trials."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_184_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"Efficacy of sildenafil citrate in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage preconceptional and during 1st trimester of pregnancy","volume":"8","author":"Bahaa H.A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBWHJ."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26333"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_186_1","first-page":"6223","article-title":"Revatio (Sildenafil) protects retinal ganglion cells immediately after optic nerve crush injury, but high dose intraperitoneal may induce sporadic optic nerve stroke","volume":"55","author":"Goldenberg\u2010Cohen N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000486105"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2016.1250756"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1167\/7.8.4","article-title":"The effect of sildenafil citrate (Viagra\u00ae) on visual sensitivity","volume":"7","author":"Stockman A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Vis."}],"container-title":["Fundamental &amp; Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.12633","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/fcp.12633","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.12633","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T12:56:05Z","timestamp":1693572965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/fcp.12633"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"references-count":188,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/fcp.12633"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/fcp.12633","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0767-3981","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-8206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}