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The goal of the study was to evaluate the intrinsic antimicrobial activity of the major compounds present in CNSL, called anacardic acids (AA), as well as their possible modulatory action as an adjuvant of Norfloxacin against a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Staphylococcus\u2009aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> strain overproducing the NorA efflux pump (SA1199B). Microdilution assays were performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AA against different microbial species. Norfloxacin and Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) resistance modulation assays were performed in the presence or absence of AA against SA1199\u2010B. AA showed antimicrobial activity against Gram\u2010positive bacterial strains tested but no activity against Gram\u2010negative bacteria or yeast strains. At subinhibitory concentration, AA reduced the MIC values for Norfloxacin and EtBr against the SA1199\u2010B strain. Furthermore, AA increased the intracellular accumulation of EtBr in this NorA overproducer strain, indicating that AA are NorA inhibitors. Docking analysis showed that AA probably modulates Norfloxacin efflux by spatial impediment at the same binding site of NorA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]],"date-time":"2023-03-04T10:04:44Z","timestamp":1677924284000},"page":"824-832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Inhibition of NorA efflux pump of <scp><i>Staphylococcus\u2009aureus<\/i><\/scp> by anacardic acids isolated from the cashew nutshell liquid of <scp><i>Anacardium\u2009occidentale<\/i><\/scp> L."],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5433-3116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Sousa","family":"Lima Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Research in Microbiology, Department of Parasitology and Microbiology Federal University of Piau\u00ed  Teresina Piau\u00ed 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