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Groups had similar age, sex, race, BMI, and time of HIV infection. Muscle biopsies were performed to determine the abundance of AT1R, the relative abundance of selected proteins related to proteolysis, antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative stress. Plasma angiotensin II, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010alpha were also determined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PWH using AT1R blocker presented higher strength, physical fitness, and muscle mass than PWH using ACE inhibitors or not using antihypertensive drugs. Although both PWH using AT1R blockers and ACE inhibitors presented reduced angiotensin II plasma levels, only PWH using AT1R blockers presented lower skeletal muscle AT1R activation, lower plasma oxidative stress markers, lower skeletal muscle oxidative stress (4\u2010HNE), and proteolysis markers (Atrogin\u20101, Murf\u20101).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AT1R blocker usage protects against oxidative stress and activated proteolysis, contributing to the prevention of muscle wasting and dysfunction among PWH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.70016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T07:27:12Z","timestamp":1748330832000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker Usage Prevents Oxidative Stress and Muscle Dysfunction in HIV"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9246-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Deminice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Londrina  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola\u00a0Sanches","family":"Cella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Londrina  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00a0L\u00facia","family":"Borsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Londrina  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila\u00a0S.","family":"Padilha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Londrina  Londrina Brazil"},{"name":"Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Sidney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Technology Sydney  Ultimo NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitor\u00a0Hugo\u00a0Fernando","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Londrina  Londrina Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Child, Family and Population Health Nursing University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000282"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-020-0637-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000158"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000248135.97380.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1331"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.04.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M601320200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00129.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160092"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071688"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002446"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(03)00048-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Plasma Malondialdehyde as Biomarker of Lipid Peroxidation: Effects of Acute Exercise","volume":"35","author":"Spirlandeli A. 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