{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T23:15:12Z","timestamp":1773098112492,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of dependence and abuse of psychoactive substances (PAS) among prison inmates, using data from the OPPIDUM program between 2013 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OPPIDUM is an annual, cross\u2010sectional national program, conducted among users consulting in specialised addiction centres. Prison inmates were questioned about their PAS use during the week preceding their incarceration. Two groups of participants were compared: prison inmates who reported simple use of PAS and those with abuse\/dependence problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2626 individuals responded to the program (men, 91.6%; mean age, 34.4\u2009\u00b1\u20099.30\u2009years), reporting 5352 PAS. The main PAS consumed were cannabis (52.8%), cocaine\/crack (28.6%), benzodiazepines (23.1%) and heroin (14.8%). Opioid substitution treatment (OST) was reported by 54.9% of participants. Several variables were associated with a significantly increased odds of abuse\/dependence: intravenous use (OR, 4.608; 95% CI, 1.44\u201314.69;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), PAS illegal acquisition (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 2.19\u20136.58;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), heroin\/speedball use (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.16\u201315.48;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029) and cocaine\/crack use (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.47\u20137.39;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). Conversely, being on OST protocol was associated with a lower odds of abuse\/dependence (OR, 0.511; 95% CI, 0.28\u20130.93;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main limitations of the study include self\u2010reported PAS use without objective diagnoses, sometimes incomplete data on PAS use and incarceration and a sample biased toward inmates linked to substance abuse services, which likely overestimates the prevalence of PAS use. However, these results highlight the importance of assessing factors associated with substance abuse and dependence for appropriate prevention and management among prison inmates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:24:23Z","timestamp":1765610663000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of Psychoactive Substances Before Incarceration Among Prison Inmates With Drug Abuse or Dependence: Data From the OPPIDUM Program"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-4198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeinab","family":"Abbas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-4698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9mence","family":"Lacroix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Paca\u2010Corse Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance, APHM\u2010Sainte Marguerite, Amu, Ins, Inserm UMR1106  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4873-6522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Jouve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Paca\u2010Corse Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance, APHM\u2010Sainte Marguerite, Amu, Ins, Inserm UMR1106  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-9811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Eiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Micallef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance Paca\u2010Corse Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance, APHM\u2010Sainte Marguerite, Amu, Ins, Inserm UMR1106  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4735-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Peyri\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Addictovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire  Montpellier France"},{"name":"PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Antilles, CHU Montpellier  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"and the French Addictovigilance network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","volume-title":"Prison and Drugs in Europe Current and Future Challenges","author":"Montanari L","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854807304431"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13877"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e560272006-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2023.104027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"Les consommations de drogues en prison. R\u00e9sultat de l'enqu\u00eate ESSPRI 2023","author":"Spilka S.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2009.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","volume-title":"Drugs (Psychoactive)\u2014Health Topics\u2014World Health Organisation","author":"Babor T.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2515\/therapie\/2015011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2024.10.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","volume-title":"Managing Chronic Pain in Adults With or in Recovery From Substance Use Disorders","author":"Center for Substance Abuse Treatment","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000526079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.011163"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","volume-title":"Women & Addiction: A Comprehensive Handbook","author":"Brady K. T.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2022.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2017.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","volume-title":"European Drug Report 2024: Trends and Developments","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2015.1082594"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.42222"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09687637.2021.1879022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/709752"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10062"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxy005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300560"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0740\u20105472(92)90021\u2010f"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0091\u20103057(98)00098\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398\u2010023\u201002406\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","unstructured":"NIDA. What Are the Long\u2010Term Effects of Heroin Use? National Institute on Drug Abuse Website.https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/publications\/research\u2010reports\/heroin\/what\u2010are\u2010long\u2010term\u2010effects\u2010heroin\u2010use accessed August 19 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155005940904000110"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460\u20109568.2005.04195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","volume-title":"Substitution Treatment in European Prisons, A Practical Guide. European Network on Drugs and Infection Prevention in Prison (ENDIPP)","author":"Kastelic A.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPH\u201012\u20102017\u20100061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15406\/mojamt.2018.05.00115"}],"container-title":["Fundamental &amp; Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.70058","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/fcp.70058","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/fcp.70058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:46:40Z","timestamp":1773060400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/fcp.70058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/fcp.70058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/fcp.70058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0767-3981","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-8206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70058"}}