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Previous studies with magnetic resonance spectroscopy have shown an impact of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content> on the average fatty acid chain length in abdominal fat. We therefore assume that medium\u2010chain fatty acids (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCFA<\/jats:styled-content>s) are elongated and accumulate in tissue as long\u2010chain fatty acids. In this study, we explored the hepatic effects of long\u2010term supplementation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content> or triheptanoin, an odd\u2010chain C7\u2010based triglyceride, in wild\u2010type and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLCAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLCAD<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice after 1\u00a0year of supplementation as compared with a control diet. The <jats:italic>de\u00a0novo<\/jats:italic> biosynthesis and elongation of fatty acids, and peroxisomal \u03b2\u2010oxidation, were quantified by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. This was followed by a comprehensive analysis of hepatic and cardiac fatty acid profiles by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>. Long\u2010term application of even and odd <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCFA<\/jats:styled-content>s strongly induced <jats:italic>de\u00a0novo<\/jats:italic> biosynthesis and elongation of fatty acids in both wild\u2010type and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLCAD<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice, leading to an alteration of the hepatic fatty acid profiles. We detected <jats:italic>de\u00a0novo<\/jats:italic>\u2010synthesized and elongated fatty acids, such as heptadecenoic acid (C17:1n9), eicosanoic acid (C20:1n9), erucic acid (C22:1n9), and mead acid (C20:3n9), that were otherwise completely absent in mice under control conditions. In parallel, the content of monounsaturated fatty acids was massively increased. Furthermore, we observed strong upregulation of peroxisomal \u03b2\u2010oxidation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLCAD<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice, especially when they were fed an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content> diet. Our data raise the question of whether long\u2010term <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCFA<\/jats:styled-content> supplementation represents the most efficient treatment in the long term. Studies on the hepatic toxicity of triheptanoin are still ongoing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T13:17:40Z","timestamp":1439903860000},"page":"4242-4253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["<i>De\u00a0novo<\/i> fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation in very long\u2010chain acyl\u2010CoA dehydrogenase\u2010deficient mice supplemented with odd or even medium\u2010chain fatty acids"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"282","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Tucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics Centre for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine University Hospital Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidney","family":"Behringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics Centre for Pediatrics 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