{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:46:50Z","timestamp":1791344810682,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,21]],"date-time":"2017-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1495324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V51136\u2010M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V51136\u2010M"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection of the human gastric mucosa causes chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcers and is associated with the development of gastric cancer. Epidemiological studies show that these gastric diseases are related to virulent <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> strains that harbor the cytotoxin\u2010associated gene pathogenicity island (<jats:italic>cag <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content>). The <jats:italic>cag <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content> is a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> insertion in the <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> chromosome that encodes ~ 27 proteins, including the oncoprotein CagA. Approximately 20 of these proteins have been designated as <jats:italic>cag<\/jats:italic> type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> secretion system (T4<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>) components. However, only 11 of these proteins share function, structure, and\/or sequence similarities with the prototypical VirB\/VirD4 T4<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content> of <jats:italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens<\/jats:italic>. The VirB\/VirD4 orthologs of the <jats:italic>cag<\/jats:italic> T4<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content> of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> are required for CagA translocation and stimulate the gastric epithelial cells to produce and secrete interleukin\u20108 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108). The <jats:italic>cag <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content> encodes eight additional proteins, such as Cag3 (Cag\u03b4\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0522), CagM (Cag16\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0537), CagU (Cag11\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0531), CagI (Cag19\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0540), and CagH (Cag20\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0541), which are also required for the translocation of CagA and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108 secretion, meanwhile CagF (Cag22\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0543), CagG (Cag21\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0542), and CagZ (Cag6\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content>0526) are just required for the translocation of CagA. However, relatively little is known about their functions and structural organization because they exhibit a nondetectable sequence similarity with T4<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content> components in the current databases. In this review, we conducted an exhaustive analysis of the literature to present the biochemistry, putative role, localization, and interactions of each of these eight additional <jats:italic>cag<\/jats:italic> T4<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content> components.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T07:32:47Z","timestamp":1493883167000},"page":"3540-3549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Functional interaction and structural characteristics of unique components of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> T4<scp>SS<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"284","author":[{"given":"Enrique","family":"Merino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Enrique Merino Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico Cuernavaca Morelos M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Flores\u2010Encarnaci\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marcos Flores\u2010Encarnaci\u00f3n Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular Facultad de Medicina Benem\u00e9rita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla Puebla M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Germ\u00e1n Rub\u00e9n","family":"Aguilar\u2010Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Germ\u00e1n Rub\u00e9n Aguilar\u2010Guti\u00e9rrez Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica Cuernavaca Morelos 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