{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:07:46Z","timestamp":1747184866409,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Atrophic age\u2010related macular degeneration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMD<\/jats:styled-content>) is the most common type of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMD<\/jats:styled-content>, yet there is no United States Food and Drug Administration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010approved therapy. This disease is characterized by retinal pigment epithelial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RPE<\/jats:styled-content>) insufficiency, primarily in the macula, which affects the structure and physiology of photoreceptors and ultimately, visual function. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of a naturally derived small molecule glycan therapeutic\u2014asialo\u2010, tri\u2010antennary complex\u2010type N\u2010glycan (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3)\u2014in two distinct preclinical models of atrophic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMD<\/jats:styled-content>. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RPE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deprived <jats:italic>Xenopus\u00a0laevis<\/jats:italic> tadpole eyes, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3 supported normal retinal ultrastructure. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCS<\/jats:styled-content> rats, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3 supported fully functioning visual integrity. Furthermore, structural analyses revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3 prevented photoreceptor outer segment degeneration, pyknosis of the outer nuclear layer, and reactive gliosis of M\u00fcller cells (MCs). It also promoted maturation of adherens junctions between MC and photoreceptors. Our results demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of a naturally derived small molecular glycan therapeutic\u2014<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3\u2014in two unique preclinical models with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RPE<\/jats:styled-content> insufficiency. These data suggest that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>3 glycan therapy may provide a new therapeutic avenue in the prevention and\/or treatment of retinal diseases such as atrophic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T10:54:43Z","timestamp":1563533683000},"page":"4876-4888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<scp>NA<\/scp>3 glycan: a potential therapy for retinal pigment epithelial deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"Sumana R.","family":"Chintalapudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"XiangDi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"XiaoFei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Kocak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mallika","family":"Palamoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raven N.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. 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