{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:11:19Z","timestamp":1790878279134,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]],"date-time":"2022-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000011","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000011","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Amyloid formation is a misfolding process that has been linked to age\u2010related diseases, including Alzheimer's and Huntington's. Understanding how cellular factors affect this process <jats:italic>in\u2009vivo<\/jats:italic> is vital in realizing the dream of controlling this insidious process that robs so many people of their humanity. SERF (small EDRK\u2010rich factor) was initially isolated as a factor that accelerated polyglutamine amyloid formation in a <jats:italic>C.\u2009elegans<\/jats:italic> model. SERF knockouts inhibit amyloid formation of a number of proteins that include huntingtin, \u03b1\u2010synuclein and \u03b2\u2010amyloid which are associated with Huntington's, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, respectively, and purified SERF protein speeds their amyloid formation <jats:italic>in\u2009vitro<\/jats:italic>. SERF proteins are highly conserved, highly charged and conformationally dynamic proteins that form a fuzzy complex with amyloid precursors. They appear to act by specifically accelerating the primary step of amyloid nucleation. Brain\u2010specific SERF knockout mice, though viable, appear to be more prone to deposition of amyloids, and show modified fibril morphology. Whole\u2010body knockouts are perinatally lethal due to an apparently unrelated developmental issue. Recently, it was found that SERF binds RNA and is localized to nucleic acid\u2010rich membraneless compartments. SERF\u2010related sequences are commonly found fused to zinc finger sequences. These results point towards a nucleic acid\u2010binding function. How this function relates to their ability to accelerate amyloid formation is currently obscure. In this review, we discuss the possible biological functions of SERF family proteins in the context of their structural fuzziness, modulation of amyloid pathway, nucleic acid binding and their fusion to folded proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T08:19:13Z","timestamp":1655108353000},"page":"4150-4162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<scp>SERF<\/scp>, a family of tiny highly conserved, highly charged proteins with enigmatic functions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"Bikash R.","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1683-1944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C. A.","family":"Bardwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2015.00119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VeutheyA\u2010L PilletV YipYL&RuchP(2009)Text mining for swiss\u2010Prot curation: a story of success and failure.Nat Prec.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npre.2009.3166.1","DOI":"10.1038\/npre.2009.3166.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2014.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaa257"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25772-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201900119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.25832"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219720019500252"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbz081"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCBB.2017.2684127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx624"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.6830"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz595"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCBB.2020.3044230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1753"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2012.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33143-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.764886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020107568"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.04.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913316116"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nj7526-299a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00678-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222313095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1307-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32607\/20758251-2017-9-2-47-58"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2005.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0201"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2006.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(97)01168-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7536342"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-008-9008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.169.2.699-703.1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000264500.11888.f0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20090738"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-1682-6-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020922"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.066464.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10792-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0235-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3050"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx950"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00149-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/15672050113106660174"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.8.4604"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00391-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CS00199A"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01122"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12444"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170662"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00765-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00598"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011603916962"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092677"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC07921H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3826"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0060-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl249"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.01-0530fje"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2005.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.104784"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00007.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M606192200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092603"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28660-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.1c00089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cn300170x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07699-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8SC05771K"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23931"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.03152903"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000399"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000632"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212527999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Protein misfolding, aggregation, and conformational diseases","author":"Chiti F","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19548"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c01925"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"StrooE JanssenL SinO HogewerfW KosterM HarkemaL YoussefSA BeschornerN WoltersAHG BakkerB ThathiahA FoijerF van deSluisB vanDeursenJ JuckerM deBruinA&NollenEAA(2021)Deletion of Serf2 shifts amyloid conformation in an A\u03b2 amyloid mouse model.bioRxiv.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2021.01.05.423442. [PREPRINT]","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.01.05.423442"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-021-09864-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31621-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-08-02804.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.235013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww161"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2007.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22858-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00431-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20227-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2016.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2018.09.035"}],"container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/febs.16555","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/febs.16555","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/febs.16555","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T06:33:42Z","timestamp":1694154822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/febs.16555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/febs.16555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/febs.16555","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-464X","1742-4658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-464X","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-4658","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}