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Considering such rising concerns, we report the anti\u2010leishmanial activity and mechanism of a flavone compound 4\u2032,7\u2010dihydroxyflavone (TI 4). Four flavanoids were initially screened for anti\u2010leishmanial activity and cytotoxicity. The results showed that the compound TI 4 exhibited higher activity and selectivity index at the same time as maintaining low cytotoxicity. Preliminary microscopic studies and fluorescence\u2010activated cell sorting analysis reported that the parasite underwent apoptosis on TI 4 treatment. Further in\u2010depth studies revealed high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and thiol levels in the parasites, suggesting ROS\u2010mediated apoptosis in the parasites upon TI 4 treatment. Other apoptotic indicators such as intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and mitochondrial membrane potential also indicated the onset of apoptosis in the treated parasites. The mRNA expression levels signified that the redox metabolism genes were upregulated by two\u2010fold along with the apoptotic genes. In summary, the use of TI 4 on <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> parasites induces ROS\u2010mediated apoptosis; therefore, the compound has immense potential to be an anti\u2010leishmanial drug. However, <jats:italic>in\u2009vivo<\/jats:italic> studies would be required to ascertain its safety and efficacy before we can exploit the compound against the growing leishmaniasis crisis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T05:00:07Z","timestamp":1677992407000},"page":"3646-3663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An anti\u2010leishmanial compound 4\u2032,7\u2010dihydroxyflavone elicits <scp>ROS<\/scp>\u2010mediated apoptosis\u2010like death in <i>Leishmania<\/i> parasite"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"290","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0204-0263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santanu","family":"Sasidharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology National Institute of Technology  Warangal India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7211-0581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prakash","family":"Saudagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology National Institute of Technology  Warangal India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-91124-5.00014-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization(2010)Working to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases: first WHO report on neglected tropical diseases. 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