{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:09:37Z","timestamp":1747184977296,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI087846","AI148534","AI165502","AI169444","AI174534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI087846","AI148534","AI165502","AI169444","AI174534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant human pathogen that can cause a number of serious diseases including chronic inflammation of the liver, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A key enzyme in the HCV life cycle is the nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B), which functions as an RNA\u2010dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) responsible for replicating the viral RNA genome. In their recent study, Dansako and colleagues showed that HCV NS5B induces type I interferon via activation of the RNA receptor MDA5, an activity that was dependent on the RdRp enzymatic activity but independent of viral RNA replication. Their data further indicated that the NS5B enzymes of HCV and the related GB virus\u2010B produce cellular double\u2010stranded RNA (dsRNA) species with potential immunostimulatory activity. These findings unveil an unconventional mechanism of activation of MDA5\u2010mediated host immunity by viral RdRp enzymes, which is expected to spur new research directions in viral immunology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]],"date-time":"2023-12-16T04:33:53Z","timestamp":1702701233000},"page":"1115-1118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Atypical activation of the <scp>RNA<\/scp> sensor <scp>MDA5<\/scp> by hepatitis C virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Surajit","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Research and Innovation Center Cleveland Clinic  Port St. Lucie FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Research and Innovation Center Cleveland Clinic  Port St. Lucie FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-2598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela U.","family":"Gack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Research and Innovation Center Cleveland Clinic  Port St. Lucie FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a036988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0288-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00329.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.21.13594-13605.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27344"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06191-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.2340906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030790"}],"container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/febs.17026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T12:29:05Z","timestamp":1710332945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/febs.17026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/febs.17026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/febs.17026","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-464X","1742-4658"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1742-464X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1742-4658"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}