{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:07:01Z","timestamp":1779887221726,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21JC1401000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21JC1401000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82192862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82192862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FEBS Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Afferent synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and the type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea provide over 95% of sensory signals for auditory perception in the brain. However, these afferent synapses are particularly vulnerable to damage, for example from excitotoxicity, and exposure to noise in the environment which often leads to noise\u2010induced cochlear synaptopathy (NICS). In this study, we simulated excitotoxic trauma by incubating kainic acid, a non\u2010desensitizing agonist for AMPA type glutamate receptors on cultured cochleae. The possible protective effects of amitriptyline against NICS were examined. We found that, in IHCs, amitriptyline reversed the decrease of Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    current and exocytosis caused by excitotoxic trauma. In SGNs, amitriptyline promoted the recovery of neurite loss caused by excitotoxic trauma. Furthermore, we found that the protective effects of amitriptyline are likely mediated by suppressing apoptosis factors that were upregulated during excitotoxic trauma. In conclusion, our results suggest that amitriptyline could protect afferent synapses in the cochlea from NICS, making it a potential drug candidate for hearing protection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T13:29:17Z","timestamp":1723382957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Amitriptyline protects afferent synapses in the cochlea against excitotoxic trauma\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7263-9709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liqin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye &amp; ENT Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of 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